The pathogenesis of a wide range of human diseases, including sepsis, diabetes, cancer, osteoporosis, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel diseases, has been linked to tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a key mediator of apoptosis as well as inflammation and immunity.
TNF- α is a homotrimer in solution and a 17-kDa protein with 157 amino acids. The gene is located on chromosome 6 in humans. Its soluble TNF-binding receptors play a major role in controlling its bioactivity. T lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and activated macrophages are the main producers of TNF-α. Numerous other cells, such as fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and tumor cells, are known to have lower expression. TNF- is produced in cells as pro-TNF (26 kDa), which is membrane-bound and is released after TNF-converting enzyme (TACE) cleaves its pro domain.
The two TNF receptors, TNF-R1 and TNF-R2, which are both members of the TNF receptor super-family, mediate many of the cellular responses brought on by TNF. Most cell types respond to TNF treatment by activating the transcription factor NF-B and MAP kinases like ERK, p38, and JNK. In some cases, apoptosis or necrosis may also be induced. However, TNFR1, also referred to as a death receptor, is primarily responsible for the induction of apoptosis or necrosis. Numerous cytokines and immune-regulatory proteins are induced as a result of NF-B and MAPK activation, which is crucial for many inflammatory responses.
| Structure | Cat No. | Product Name | CAS No. | Product Description |
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V88552 | (S)-Elobixibat | 439087-68-0 | (S)-Elobixibat is the S-isomer of Elobixibat. |
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V107688 | (±)-Perillaldehyde | 2111-75-3 | (±)-Perillaldehyde has an antidepressant effect on stress-induced depression-like model mice by regulating the olfactory nervous system. |
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V103054 | 2-O-Methyl PAF C-16 | 78858-44-3 | 2-O-MethylPAF C-16 (ET-18-O-OCH3) is a structural analog and cytotoxic ether lipid of the inflammatory mediator platelet-activating factor (PAF). |
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V109442 | 3-O-Caffeoyl-5-O-feruloylquinic acid | 173658-86-1 | 3-O-caffeoyl-5-O-feruloylquinic acid is a quinic acid phenolic compound isolated from Mediterranean sea holly (Eryngium bourgatii). |
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V1944 | VGX-1027 (GIT 27) | 6501-72-0 | VGX-1027 (also known as VGX1027; GIT-27)is an orally bioactive,isoxazoline compound with potent immunomodulatory properties by inhibiting the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway. |
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V114249 | 7-O-Galloyl-D-sedoheptulose | 233690-85-2 | 7-O-galloyl-D-sedoheptulose is an orally effective polyphenol compound. |
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V88553 | AF-45 | AF-45 inhibits IRAK4 and IRAK1 with IC50 of 128 nM and 1765 nM, respectively. | |
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V106379 | Afimkibart | Afimkibart (PF-06480605) is a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against tumor necrosis factor-like ligand 1A (TL1A). | |
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V77871 | Akt/NF-κB/MAPK-IN-1 | Akt/NF-κB/MAPK-IN-1 (compound 2m) is an orally bioactive NO inhibitor (IC50=7.70 μM) without obvious toxicity. | |
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V119772 | AMG-172 Antibody | 1607838-85-6 | AMG-172 antibody is an antibody that targets CD70. |
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V77782 | Anti-inflammatory agent 61 | Anti-inflammatory agent 61 (Compound 5b) is a potent anti-inflammatory agent. | |
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V106371 | Anti-Monkey/Human CD40L/CD154 Antibody (5C8) | Anti-Monkey/Human CD40L/CD154 Antibody (5C8) is a murine IgG2a antibody inhibitor against monkey or human CD40L/CD154. | |
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V78041 | Anti-Mouse 4-1BB Antibody (3H3) | Anti-Mouse 4-1BB Antibody is an anti-mouse 4-1BB IgG2a antibody inhibitor developed from host Rat. | |
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V102756 | Apremilast-d3 | 1258597-46-4 | Apremilast-d3 (CC-10004-d3) is a deuterated apremilast. |
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V102755 | Apremilast-d8 | 1258597-45-3 | Apremilast-d8 (CC-10004-d8) is a deuterated apremilast. |
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V116358 | aptTNF-α sodium | aptTNF-α sodium is a nucleic acid aptamer that targets TNF-α and has tissue-protective and systemic anti-inflammatory effects in mouse models of acute lung injury (ALI) and acute liver failure (ALF). | |
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V106420 | Atenastobart | Atenastobart is a human IgG1λ2 antibody directed against TNFRSF9. | |
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V110810 | Benzo-17R-RvD2 | Benzo-17R-RvD2 (Benzo-17R-Resolvin D2) is a benzo[a]idine analogue of RvD2. | |
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V109256 | Betamethasone succinate | 27297-42-3 | Betamethasone succinate (NSSL-BMS) is a nanoparticle formulation that can cross the blood-brain barrier, made by encapsulating betamethasone hemisuccinate in polyethylene glycol-modified liposomes. |
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V85057 | BMS-561392 formate (DPC 333 formate) | 2922280-85-9 |
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