MMPs (Matrix metalloproteinases) are zinc-dependent endopeptidases.The metzincin superfamily of proteases, to which the MMPs belong, is a larger group of enzymes. MMPs can process a variety of bioactive molecules in addition to breaking down various extracellular matrix proteins. They have been linked to the inactivation of chemokines and cytokines as well as the cleavage of cell surface receptors and the release of apoptotic ligands.Additionally, it is believed that MMPs have a significant impact on the proliferation, migration, differentiation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and host defense of cells. It is believed that MMP-2 and MMP-9 are crucial for metastasis. MMP-1 is regarded as being significant in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Recent research indicates that MMPs are actively involved in the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysms. The structural proteins of the aortic wall are degraded by excess MMPs. Acute and chronic cardiovascular diseases both exhibit dysregulation of the balance between MMPs and TIMPs.
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