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Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Cell membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, genomic DNA fragmentation, and the exposure of particular phagocytosis signaling molecules on the cell surface are just a few of the distinctive morphological and biochemical features of the cell death process known as apoptosis. Apoptosis-initiated cell death is distinct from necrosis-induced cell death. Apoptotic death, in contrast, is silent and orderly. Necrotic cells are typically recognized as a danger signal by the immune system, which causes inflammation.

There are two main methods for inducing apoptotic cell death: The intrinsic pathway, also known as the Bcl-2-regulated or mitochondrial pathway, is strictly regulated by the BCL-2 family of proteins and is activated by a variety of developmental cues or cytotoxic insults, such as viral infection, DNA damage, and growth-factor deprivation.The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family members, such as Fas or TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1), which contain an intracellular death domain and can recruit and activate caspase-8 through the adaptor protein Fas-associated death domain (FADD; also known as MORT1) at the cell surface, are what initiate the extrinsic or death-receptor pathway. Without the involvement of the BCL-2 family, this recruitment results in the subsequent activation of downstream (effector) caspases like caspase-3, -6, or -7.

Numerous human diseases, including cancer, viral infections, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), may be influenced by changes in cell survival, according to studies. Some of these diseases may not progress naturally unless specific therapies that change the apoptotic threshold are used.

Apoptosis related products

Structure Cat No. Product Name CAS No. Product Description
Telomerase-IN-5 V35051 Telomerase-IN-5 2892295-16-6 Telomerase-IN-5 is a potent telomerase inhibitor.
Temozolomide-d3 (替莫唑胺 d3) V56407 Temozolomide-d3 (temozolomide d3) 208107-14-6 Temozolomide-d3 is the deuterated form of Temozolomide.
Tengonermin (ARENEGYR; NGR-TNF; NGR-hTNF) V41111 Tengonermin (ARENEGYR; NGR-TNF; NGR-hTNF) 1960461-99-7 Tengonermin (ARENEGYR) is a vascular targeting agent consisting of human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) conjugated to the CNGRCG peptide.
Teprasiran (QPI-1002) V35209 Teprasiran (QPI-1002) 1231737-88-4 Teprasiran (QPI-1002) is a small interfering RNA that can inhibit p53-mediated cell death in acute kidney injury.
Tetracosane (ALKANE C24) V35043 Tetracosane (ALKANE C24) 646-31-1 Tetracosane (ALKANE C24) is a naturally occurring compound found in Acrostichum aureum.
Tetracosane-d50 (ALKANE C24-d50) V52639 Tetracosane-d50 (ALKANE C24-d50) 16416-32-3 Tetracosane-d50 is the deuterium labelled form of Tetracosane.
Tetrahydroxyquinone monohydrate (Tetrahydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone monohydrate; Tetrahydroxybenzoquinone monohydrate) V34725 Tetrahydroxyquinone monohydrate (Tetrahydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone monohydrate; Tetrahydroxybenzoquinone monohydrate) 1215458-51-7 Tetrahydroxyquinone monohydrate (Tetrahydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone monohydrate), an anticataract agent, is a redox-active benzoquinone.
TH-Z835 V35199 TH-Z835 2766209-50-9 TH-Z835 is a mutant-selective KRAS (G12D) inhibitor (antagonist) with IC50 of 1.6 μM.
Thailanstatin D V35204 Thailanstatin D 1609105-89-6 Thailanstatin D is an analog of Thailanstatin A.
Theophylline sodium acetate (1,3-Dimethylxanthine sodium acetate; Theo-24 sodium acetate) V35070 Theophylline sodium acetate (1,3-Dimethylxanthine sodium acetate; Theo-24 sodium acetate) 8002-89-9 Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) sodium acetate is a potent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, adenosine receptor antagonist, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activator.
Thiamine monochloride-13C4 hydrochloride V52606 Thiamine monochloride-13C4 hydrochloride 1257525-77-1 Thiamine monochloride-13C4 ( HCl) is the deuterated form of Thiamine HCl.
Thioacetamide (Acetothioamide; TAA; Thiacetamide) V34794 Thioacetamide (Acetothioamide; TAA; Thiacetamide) 62-55-5 Thioacetamide (TAA) is an indirect hepatotoxin that causes parenchymal cell necrosis.
Thioridazine-d3 hydrochloride V56234 Thioridazine-d3 hydrochloride 1189928-36-6 Thioridazine-d3 ( HCl) is the deuterated form of Thioridazine.
Thrombospondin-1 (1016-1023) (human, bovine, mouse) V30543 Thrombospondin-1 (1016-1023) (human, bovine, mouse) 149234-04-8 Thrombospondin-1 (1016-1023) (human, bovine, mouse) is the C-terminal fragment of the native sequence of Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and is a CD47 agonist peptide.
Thymidine 3',5'-diphosphate tetrasodium (Deoxythymidine 3′,5′-diphosphate tetrasodium; pdTp tetrasodium) V34686 Thymidine 3',5'-diphosphate tetrasodium (Deoxythymidine 3',5'-diphosphate tetrasodium; pdTp tetrasodium) 118675-87-9 Thymidine 3',5'-diphosphate (Deoxythymidine 3',5'-diphosphate) tetrasodium is a staphylococcal nuclease and a Tudor domain-containing 1 (SND1, RISC subunit of the MicroRNA regulatory complex) with [3,5-2H2 ] Selective inhibitor of tyrosyl nuclease ([3,5-2H2] tyrosyl nuclease).
Tigapotide (PCK-3145) V54889 Tigapotide (PCK-3145) 848084-83-3 Tigapotide (PCK-3145) is an antitumor peptide that reduces the development of skeletal metastases associated with prostate cancer.
TJ08 V35195 TJ08 2924274-19-9 TJ08 is a 1,2,5-trisubstituted benzimidazole analogue that can effectively induce G1/S phase arrest and induce apoptosis in a variety of cancer cells.
TMX-2164 V35189 TMX-2164 2418022-85-0 TMX-2164 is a potent, irreversible inhibitor of B-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) with IC50 of 152 nM.
TNIK-IN-3 V35186 TNIK-IN-3 2754265-25-1 TNIK-IN-3 (compound 21k) is a specific and orally bioactive TNIK inhibitor (antagonist) with IC50 of 0.026 μM.
Toddaculin (飞龙掌血素) V35185 Toddaculin 4335-12-0 Toddaculin is a natural coumarin that induces leukemia cell differentiation and apoptosis.
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