The host's innate immune system and immune homeostasis depend heavily on the cytoplasmic pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) known as nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs). Humans have 23 members of the NLR family, while mice have at least 34 NLR genes. Although many cell types, including immune and epithelial cells, express NLRs, some NLR family members, such as macrophages and neutrophils, express them primarily in phagocytes. The NLR family is most frequently divided into one of four subfamilies based on their N-terminal domains: NLRA, NLRB, NLRC, and NLRP.
The NLRs are capable of recognizing a wide range of ligands, including those produced by microbial pathogens (peptidoglycan, flagellin, viral RNA, fungal hyphae, etc.), host cells (ATPs, cholesterol crystals, uric acid, etc.), and environmental sources (alum, asbestos, silica, alloy particles, UV radiation, skin irritants, etc.). Most NLRs function as PRRs, identifying the aforementioned ligands and inciting inflammatory reactions. Some NLRs, however, might not function as PRRs and instead react to cytokines like interferons. Four broad categories of functions performed by the activated NLRs include inflammasome formation, signal transduction, transcription activation, and autophagy.
| Structure | Cat No. | Product Name | CAS No. | Product Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
V121653 | (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-Tetracosahexaenoyl-CoA | 676656-93-2 | (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-Tetracosahexaenoyl-CoA is an NLRX1 modifier. |
|
V110333 | (rac)-NDT-19795 | 2272918-42-8 | (rac)-NDT-19795 is a racemic mixture of NDT-19795. |
|
V86923 | (S)-NDT-19795 | (S)-NDT-19795 is an effective NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor. | |
|
V75164 | (±)11(12)-EET (11,12-EET) | 123931-40-8 | (±)11(12)-EET is an inhibitor (blocker/antagonist) of the NLRP3 inflammasome. |
|
V75174 | (±)11(12)-EET-d11 ((±)11,12-EET-d11) | 2699607-19-5 | (±)11(12)-EET-d11 is the deuterated form of (±)11(12)-EET. |
|
V111332 | 1,2,4-Trimethoxybenzene | 135-77-3 | 1,2,4-Trimethoxybenzene is an orally effective selective NLRP3 inhibitor. |
|
V111949 | 3-Et-3TC | 1995864-98-6 | 3-Et-3TC (page 87, compound 3b) is a structurally modified derivative of lamivudine. |
|
V108888 | 7-Oxogedunin | 13072-74-7 | 7-O-Gibutinine (compound 7DG; compound 16) is a small molecule that protects macrophages from anthrax-induced pyroptosis by targeting protein kinase R (PKR). |
|
V75186 | ADS032 | 2757333-37-0 | ADS032 is a dual (bifunctional) inhibitor of NLRP1 and NLRP3 that can rapidly, reversibly and stably inhibit inflammasome formation. |
|
V85252 | Aluminum phosphate adjuvant | ||
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V85365 | Aluminum phosphate adjuvant (GMP) | ||
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V97295 | AZD4144 | 2890191-41-8 | AZD4144 is an orally available NLRP3 inhibitor. |
|
V86928 | BAL-0028 | 2842012-69-3 | BAL-0028 (Compound 3) is an inhibitor of NLRP3 activation with an IC50 of 25 nM. |
|
V129874 | BAL-1516 | BAL-1516 is an orally effective NLRP3 inhibitor with a Kd value of 14.2 nM for human NLRP3 and 200 nM for mouse NLRP3, and it can cross the blood-brain barrier. | |
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V130736 | BuChE-IN-20 | BuChE-IN-20 is a selective butyrylcholinesterase (hBuChE) inhibitor (IC50 = 0.13 μM) with blood-brain barrier permeability. | |
|
V130833 | C12-iE-DAP hydrochloride | C12-iE-DAP hydrochloride is the hydrochloride form of C12-iE-DAP. | |
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V108958 | C14-Tri-LAN-Gly | 1863978-69-1 | C14-Tri-LAN-Gly is a highly selective and potent NOD1 agonist. |
|
V85981 | Callicarboric acid A | ||
|
V83500 | COX-2/NLRP3-IN-1 | ||
|
V85526 | CSC-6 |
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