Cell membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, genomic DNA fragmentation, and the exposure of particular phagocytosis signaling molecules on the cell surface are just a few of the distinctive morphological and biochemical features of the cell death process known as apoptosis. Apoptosis-initiated cell death is distinct from necrosis-induced cell death. Apoptotic death, in contrast, is silent and orderly. Necrotic cells are typically recognized as a danger signal by the immune system, which causes inflammation.
There are two main methods for inducing apoptotic cell death: The intrinsic pathway, also known as the Bcl-2-regulated or mitochondrial pathway, is strictly regulated by the BCL-2 family of proteins and is activated by a variety of developmental cues or cytotoxic insults, such as viral infection, DNA damage, and growth-factor deprivation.The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family members, such as Fas or TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1), which contain an intracellular death domain and can recruit and activate caspase-8 through the adaptor protein Fas-associated death domain (FADD; also known as MORT1) at the cell surface, are what initiate the extrinsic or death-receptor pathway. Without the involvement of the BCL-2 family, this recruitment results in the subsequent activation of downstream (effector) caspases like caspase-3, -6, or -7.
Numerous human diseases, including cancer, viral infections, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), may be influenced by changes in cell survival, according to studies. Some of these diseases may not progress naturally unless specific therapies that change the apoptotic threshold are used.
Structure | Cat No. | Product Name | CAS No. | Product Description |
---|---|---|---|---|
V35051 | Telomerase-IN-5 | 2892295-16-6 | Telomerase-IN-5 is a potent telomerase inhibitor. | |
V56407 | Temozolomide-d3 (temozolomide d3) | 208107-14-6 | Temozolomide-d3 is the deuterated form of Temozolomide. | |
V34736 | Teneliximab (BMS 224819; Chi220; Anti-Human CD40 Recombinant Antibody) | 299423-37-3 | Teneliximab (BMS-224819) is a chimeric monoclonal antibody (mAb) that blocks the CD40-CD40L interaction. | |
V41111 | Tengonermin (ARENEGYR; NGR-TNF; NGR-hTNF) | 1960461-99-7 | Tengonermin (ARENEGYR) is a vascular targeting agent consisting of human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) conjugated to the CNGRCG peptide. | |
V35209 | Teprasiran (QPI-1002) | 1231737-88-4 | Teprasiran (QPI-1002) is a small interfering RNA that can inhibit p53-mediated cell death in acute kidney injury. | |
V35043 | Tetracosane (ALKANE C24) | 646-31-1 | Tetracosane (ALKANE C24) is a naturally occurring compound found in Acrostichum aureum. | |
V52639 | Tetracosane-d50 (ALKANE C24-d50) | 16416-32-3 | Tetracosane-d50 is the deuterium labelled form of Tetracosane. | |
V34725 | Tetrahydroxyquinone monohydrate (Tetrahydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone monohydrate; Tetrahydroxybenzoquinone monohydrate) | 1215458-51-7 | Tetrahydroxyquinone monohydrate (Tetrahydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone monohydrate), an anticataract agent, is a redox-active benzoquinone. | |
V35199 | TH-Z835 | 2766209-50-9 | TH-Z835 is a mutant-selective KRAS (G12D) inhibitor (antagonist) with IC50 of 1.6 μM. | |
V35204 | Thailanstatin D | 1609105-89-6 | Thailanstatin D is an analog of Thailanstatin A. | |
V35070 | Theophylline sodium acetate (1,3-Dimethylxanthine sodium acetate; Theo-24 sodium acetate) | 8002-89-9 | Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) sodium acetate is a potent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, adenosine receptor antagonist, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activator. | |
V52606 | Thiamine monochloride-13C4 hydrochloride | 1257525-77-1 | Thiamine monochloride-13C4 ( HCl) is the deuterated form of Thiamine HCl. | |
V34794 | Thioacetamide (Acetothioamide; TAA; Thiacetamide) | 62-55-5 | Thioacetamide (TAA) is an indirect hepatotoxin that causes parenchymal cell necrosis. | |
V56234 | Thioridazine-d3 hydrochloride | 1189928-36-6 | Thioridazine-d3 ( HCl) is the deuterated form of Thioridazine. | |
V30543 | Thrombospondin-1 (1016-1023) (human, bovine, mouse) | 149234-04-8 | Thrombospondin-1 (1016-1023) (human, bovine, mouse) is the C-terminal fragment of the native sequence of Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and is a CD47 agonist peptide. | |
V34686 | Thymidine 3',5'-diphosphate tetrasodium (Deoxythymidine 3',5'-diphosphate tetrasodium; pdTp tetrasodium) | 118675-87-9 | Thymidine 3',5'-diphosphate (Deoxythymidine 3',5'-diphosphate) tetrasodium is a staphylococcal nuclease and a Tudor domain-containing 1 (SND1, RISC subunit of the MicroRNA regulatory complex) with [3,5-2H2 ] Selective inhibitor of tyrosyl nuclease ([3,5-2H2] tyrosyl nuclease). | |
V35198 | Tibulizumab (LY 3090106) | 1849636-24-3 | Tibulizumab (LY 3090106) is a quadrivalent bispecific monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting B cell activating factor (BAFF) and IL-17A with Kds of 60 pM and 14 pM, respectively. | |
V54889 | Tigapotide (PCK-3145) | 848084-83-3 | Tigapotide (PCK-3145) is an antitumor peptide that reduces the development of skeletal metastases associated with prostate cancer. | |
V35197 | Tigatuzumab (CS-1008; Anti-Human TRAIL-R2 Recombinant Antibody) | 918127-53-4 | Tigatuzumab (CS-1008) is a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting death receptor 5 (DR5). | |
V35195 | TJ08 | 2924274-19-9 | TJ08 is a 1,2,5-trisubstituted benzimidazole analogue that can effectively induce G1/S phase arrest and induce apoptosis in a variety of cancer cells. |