| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Dopamine transporter[2], Norepinephrine transporter[2], α4β2 nicotinic receptor[2]
Bupropion morpholinol targets dopamine and norepinephrine transporters, as well as α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). As a major active metabolite, it contributes to the overall pharmacological profile of bupropion. Its effects on the dopamine transporter and nAChRs are relevant to its antidepressant and smoking cessation activities. |
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| ln Vitro |
The genetically polymorphic enzyme CYP2B6 converts bupropion to bupropion morpholinol in vivo[1]. With an IC50 of 1.7 μM, bupropion morpholinol inhibits the absorption of [3H]norepinephrine[2].
In vitro, Bupropion morpholinol inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine transporters, and α4β2 nicotinic receptors. It is a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. These activities are similar to those of its parent drug, bupropion, and contribute to its therapeutic effects. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Bupropion morpholinol contributes to the antidepressant and smoking cessation effects of its parent drug, bupropion. As it is formed by the liver enzyme CYP2B6, its levels can vary between individuals. Its activity on nicotinic receptors is particularly relevant for smoking cessation.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cell-based assays for Bupropion morpholinol involve studying its binding to and inhibition of transporters (dopamine and norepinephrine) and nAChRs. Radioligand binding assays can be used to determine its affinity for these targets. For example, its inhibition of [3H]-dopamine uptake can be measured in synaptosomal preparations.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cellular assays, cell lines expressing dopamine or norepinephrine transporters or α4β2 nAChRs are used. The compound's ability to inhibit neurotransmitter uptake or nAChR function is measured. For instance, its inhibition of dopamine uptake can be quantified using radiolabeled dopamine. These assays help to characterize its pharmacological activity as a metabolite.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies with Bupropion morpholinol are typically pharmacokinetic in nature. Animals are administered bupropion, and the levels of bupropion morpholinol are measured in the blood and brain to understand its formation, distribution, and elimination. Its contribution to the overall pharmacological effect of bupropion can be inferred from these studies.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Bupropion morpholinol has a molecular weight of 261.78 g/mol and a molecular formula of C13H18ClNO2. Its CAS number is 357399-43-0. It is a major active metabolite of bupropion and is used as a reference standard in analytical chemistry. It should be stored under recommended conditions.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of Bupropion morpholinol is related to its parent drug, bupropion. Its safety is evaluated as part of the overall safety profile of bupropion. It is a research compound used as a standard and should be handled with appropriate safety precautions.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Bupropion morpholinol (CAS#: 357399-43-0) is a key active metabolite of the widely used antidepressant and smoking cessation aid, bupropion. It is formed primarily by CYP2B6 metabolism. Its activity on monoamine transporters and nAChRs makes it a significant contributor to bupropion's clinical effects.
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| Molecular Formula |
C13H18CLNO2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
255.74
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| Exact Mass |
255.102
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| CAS # |
357399-43-0
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| Related CAS # |
Hydroxybupropion;92264-81-8;Bupropion morpholinol-d6;1216893-18-3;Bupropion hydrochloride;31677-93-7;Radafaxine;192374-14-4
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| PubChem CID |
9837966
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.1±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
386.6±42.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
187.6±27.9 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.9 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.523
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| LogP |
2.62
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
17
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| Complexity |
285
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CC1C(OCC(N1)(C)C)(C2=CC(=CC=C2)Cl)O
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| InChi Key |
RCOBKSKAZMVBHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C13H18ClNO2/c1-9-13(16,17-8-12(2,3)15-9)10-5-4-6-11(14)7-10/h4-7,9,15-16H,8H2,1-3H3
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| Chemical Name |
2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3,5,5-trimethylmorpholin-2-ol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 20 mg/mL (78.20 mM)
Ethanol: 20 mg/mL (78.20 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.9102 mL | 19.5511 mL | 39.1022 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7820 mL | 3.9102 mL | 7.8204 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3910 mL | 1.9551 mL | 3.9102 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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