| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| 5mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Bupropion morpholinol D6 targets the same pharmacological targets as the parent compound bupropion and its major metabolite hydroxybupropion. Bupropion and its metabolites act as inhibitors of dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, with bupropion morpholinol specifically inhibiting dopamine reuptake. The compound also exhibits activity at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, contributing to its smoking cessation effects. As a deuterated internal standard, Bupropion morpholinol D6 is used analytically to quantify bupropion and its metabolites in biological samples. The isotopic labeling does not significantly alter the pharmacological activity or receptor binding characteristics compared to the non-deuterated form.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Bupropion morpholinol (the non-deuterated parent metabolite) inhibits dopamine reuptake with activity comparable to the parent compound bupropion. The metabolite also shows activity at norepinephrine transporters and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. In cellular assays, bupropion and its metabolites increase extracellular dopamine and norepinephrine levels by blocking reuptake transporters. The deuterated D6 form is expected to exhibit identical in vitro activity to the parent metabolite, making it suitable as an internal standard for quantifying bupropion and its metabolites in bioanalytical methods. The compound is used in LC-MS/MS methods for therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacokinetic studies.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Bupropion morpholinol D6 is used as an analytical internal standard for quantifying bupropion and its metabolites in pharmacokinetic studies and therapeutic drug monitoring. Bupropion (parent compound) is clinically used as an antidepressant and smoking cessation aid. It is extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily via CYP2B6, to hydroxybupropion and other metabolites including bupropion morpholinol. The deuterated D6 analog enables accurate quantification of these metabolites in plasma, serum, and urine samples by LC-MS/MS. This allows researchers and clinicians to monitor drug levels, assess adherence, and optimize dosing in patients receiving bupropion therapy.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for bupropion metabolism involve measuring CYP2B6 activity using human liver microsomes or recombinant CYP2B6 enzyme. The assay is performed in buffer containing NADPH as cofactor and bupropion as substrate. Varying concentrations of bupropion are incubated at 37degC for 30-60 minutes. The reaction is stopped by cooling and protein precipitation. Hydroxybupropion and other metabolites (including bupropion morpholinol) are quantified by LC-MS/MS using the D6 internal standard. Kinetic parameters (Km, Vmax) and inhibition constants are determined. The D6 internal standard is essential for accurate quantification of metabolite formation in these assays.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for bupropion are performed using cell lines expressing dopamine or norepinephrine transporters, such as HEK-293 cells transfected with hDAT or hNET. Cells are cultured in appropriate medium and seeded in 96-well plates. Cells are incubated with [3H]-dopamine or [3H]-norepinephrine in the presence of serial dilutions of bupropion or its metabolites (0.001-100 microM). Uptake is terminated by washing with ice-cold buffer, and intracellular radioactivity is measured by scintillation counting. IC₅0 values for inhibition of reuptake are calculated. The D6 internal standard is used in LC-MS/MS quantification of bupropion and metabolites in cell lysates for pharmacokinetic studies.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for bupropion are conducted in rodent models to study pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and behavioral effects. Rats or mice are administered bupropion orally or intraperitoneally at doses of 10-50 mg/kg. Blood, brain, and tissue samples are collected at various time points. Bupropion and its metabolites (hydroxybupropion, bupropion morpholinol, threohydrobupropion, erythrohydrobupropion) are quantified by LC-MS/MS using the D6 internal standard. Pharmacokinetic parameters (Cmax, Tmax, AUC, t1/2, clearance, bioavailability) are calculated. Behavioral tests (forced swim test, tail suspension test) assess antidepressant-like effects.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Bupropion morpholinol D6 (CAS#: 1216893-18-3) has molecular formula C13H12D₆ClNO2 and molecular weight 261.78. The IUPAC name is 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-5,5-bis(methyl-d3)morpholin-2-ol. The compound is a hexa-deuterated form of Bupropion morpholinol, a major metabolite of bupropion. It is supplied as a high-purity, isotope-labeled reference material for bioanalytical method development and quantitative mass spectrometry applications. The compound is a solid and should be stored at -20degC. It is soluble in organic solvents such as methanol and acetonitrile. For research use only, not for human therapeutic applications.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological information for Bupropion morpholinol D6 is primarily extrapolated from the parent compound bupropion. Bupropion is generally well-tolerated, with common adverse effects including dry mouth, insomnia, headache, nausea, and dizziness. Serious adverse effects include seizures (dose-dependent), hypertension, and neuropsychiatric events. The compound should not be used in patients with seizure disorders or eating disorders. The deuterated D6 form is intended for research use as an analytical standard and is not for human therapeutic use. Standard laboratory precautions should be observed when handling the compound.
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| Additional Infomation |
Bupropion morpholinol D6 (CAS#: 1216893-18-3) is the hexa-deuterated form of Bupropion morpholinol, a major active metabolite of bupropion (Wellbutrin, Zyban), an antidepressant and smoking cessation drug. Bupropion acts as a dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor and also modulates nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. The D6-labeled analog is used as an internal standard in LC-MS/MS bioanalytical methods for therapeutic drug monitoring, pharmacokinetic studies, and clinical research. The compound enables accurate quantification of bupropion and its metabolites in biological samples. For research use only, not for human therapeutic applications.
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| Molecular Formula |
C13H12D6CLNO2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
261.7775
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| Exact Mass |
261.14
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| CAS # |
1216893-18-3
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| Related CAS # |
Hydroxybupropion;92264-81-8;Bupropion morpholinol;357399-43-0;Bupropion hydrochloride;31677-93-7;Radafaxine;192374-14-4
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| PubChem CID |
45358931
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| Appearance |
White to light yellow solid powder
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| LogP |
2.6
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
17
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| Complexity |
285
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
[2H]C([2H])([2H])C1(COC(C(N1)C)(C2=CC(=CC=C2)Cl)O)C([2H])([2H])[2H]
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| InChi Key |
RCOBKSKAZMVBHT-XERRXZQWSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C13H18ClNO2/c1-9-13(16,17-8-12(2,3)15-9)10-5-4-6-11(14)7-10/h4-7,9,15-16H,8H2,1-3H3/i2D3,3D3
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| Chemical Name |
2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-5,5-bis(trideuteriomethyl)morpholin-2-ol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.8200 mL | 19.1000 mL | 38.2000 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7640 mL | 3.8200 mL | 7.6400 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3820 mL | 1.9100 mL | 3.8200 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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