| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 100mL |
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| 250mL |
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| 500mL |
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| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
PEG400 does not have a specific biological target as it is primarily used as an excipient and formulation aid in pharmaceutical and industrial applications. It functions as a solubilizing agent, increasing the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs. As a polymer, PEG400 can interact with biological membranes and may affect drug absorption and distribution when used as a formulation component. It is also used as a lubricant and dispersing agent in various applications.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro studies of PEG400 typically involve its use as a solvent, solubilizing agent, or formulation component. The compound is used to dissolve or suspend poorly water-soluble compounds for in vitro assays. PEG400 has been shown to affect membrane permeability and may modulate drug transport in cell-based assays. It is also used as a cryoprotectant and stabilizer in various in vitro applications. In vitro studies may evaluate the effects of PEG400 on cell viability, membrane integrity, and drug permeability.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies of PEG400 typically involve its use as a vehicle or formulation component for the administration of drugs in animal models. The compound is commonly used as a solvent or co-solvent for oral, intravenous, or topical administration of poorly water-soluble compounds. PEG400 is generally well-tolerated in vivo and is used as a carrier in various pharmaceutical formulations. Studies may evaluate the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of drugs formulated with PEG400.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays for PEG400 are not typically performed, as the compound is an excipient rather than a pharmacologically active agent. However, PEG400 may be used as a solvent or formulation component in binding assays to dissolve test compounds. The compound is generally considered to be inert in such assays, although it may affect the solubility and stability of test compounds. Standard binding assay protocols may include PEG400 as part of the buffer or formulation.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays using PEG400 typically involve its use as a solvent or formulation component for test compounds. Cells are treated with compounds dissolved in PEG400-containing media, and various cellular responses are assessed. PEG400 may affect cell membrane permeability and drug uptake, which should be considered in assay design. Control experiments with PEG400 alone are typically performed to evaluate any vehicle effects on cell viability or function.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies using PEG400 typically involve its use as a vehicle for drug administration. Animals are administered test compounds formulated in PEG400 via oral gavage, intravenous injection, or other routes. The compound is generally well-tolerated and is used as a carrier in various pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies. Typical endpoints include measurement of drug levels in plasma and tissues, assessment of efficacy, and evaluation of safety.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The pharmacokinetic properties of PEG400 include its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion characteristics. PEG400 is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is primarily excreted unchanged in the feces. The compound has a relative density of 1.128, a melting point of 4-8°C, a boiling point above 200°C, and a flash point of 224-235°C. The kinematic viscosity at 20°C is 97-110 cSt, and the pH of a 10% solution in water is 4.5-7.0.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of PEG400 has been extensively evaluated. The oral LD50 in rats is 30 mL/kg. PEG400 is generally considered to be safe for use in pharmaceutical formulations and has low acute toxicity. However, high doses may cause gastrointestinal effects such as diarrhea and osmotic disturbances. The compound is not classified as a carcinogen or mutagen. Standard laboratory safety practices, including the use of personal protective equipment, are recommended.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
PEG400 (CAS 25322-68-3) is a polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 380-420. It is a clear, colorless to pale yellow viscous liquid that is soluble in water, ethanol, and chloroform. It has a relative density of 1.128, a melting point of 4-8°C, a boiling point above 200°C, and a flash point of 224-235°C. PEG400 is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations as an excipient, emulsifier, stabilizer, lubricant, and solubilizing agent. The compound is generally recognized as safe and is used in various pharmaceutical and industrial applications.
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| Molecular Formula |
(C2H4O)NH2O
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
400
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| CAS # |
25322-68-3
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| Appearance |
Colorless to light yellow liquid
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| Density |
1.125
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| Boiling Point |
250ºC
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| Melting Point |
-65ºC
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| Flash Point |
171ºC
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| Vapour Pressure |
<0.01 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
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| Index of Refraction |
1.458-1.461
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| LogP |
0
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: ~100 mg/mL (~250 mM)
H2O: ~100 mg/mL (~250 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.5000 mL | 12.5000 mL | 25.0000 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5000 mL | 2.5000 mL | 5.0000 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2500 mL | 1.2500 mL | 2.5000 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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