| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg |
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| 1g |
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| 2g |
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| 5g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Xanthopterin hydrate targets DNA and RNA synthesis, functioning as an inhibitor. It inhibits RNA synthesis in cells. The compound induces renal hypertrophy and growth in rats. It serves as a metabolic intermediate in folate and pterin biosynthesis and contributes to pigmentation and ultraviolet light absorption in some species. Xanthopterin hydrate exhibits antioxidant and photoprotective properties.
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| ln Vitro |
Xanthopterin (7.8-250 mM; 24 hours) exhibits a notable decrease in mitochondrial activity with respect to controls (IC50=109 mM)[2].
In vitro, Xanthopterin hydrate inhibits RNA synthesis. It has been studied in human mammary carcinoma MCF-7 cell lines to assess responsiveness to pteridines. The compound produces a characteristic excitation/emission maximum at 386/456 nm. It exhibits antioxidant and photoprotective properties. Xanthopterin hydrate is used in studies of folate and pterin metabolism. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Xanthopterin hydrate induces renal hypertrophy and growth in rats. It inhibits RNA synthesis. The compound can replace folic acid in the nutrition of many animal species. It serves as a metabolic intermediate in folate and pterin biosynthesis. Its antioxidant and photoprotective properties suggest potential for protecting against oxidative stress. Further in vivo studies are ongoing to fully characterize its physiological roles.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for Xanthopterin hydrate involve measuring its effects on RNA synthesis. RNA synthesis is assessed by measuring incorporation of radiolabeled nucleotides into RNA. For antioxidant studies, free radical scavenging assays such as DPPH or ABTS are used. Fluorescence properties are characterized by measuring excitation/emission spectra at 386/456 nm. For cell-based studies, MCF-7 cells are treated with the compound and cell proliferation is assessed. Assays are performed in appropriate buffer systems with positive controls.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell Line: MCF-7 cells
Concentration: 7.8 mM-250 mM Incubation Time: 24 hours Result: Resulted in reduction in mitochondrial activity. In vitro cell-based assays for Xanthopterin hydrate are conducted in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and other cell lines. Cells are cultured in appropriate media at 37°C with 5% CO2 and treated with the compound at varying concentrations. Cell viability and proliferation are assessed by MTT or CCK-8 assays. RNA synthesis inhibition is confirmed by measuring RNA content. Cell viability is assessed by standard assays. Experiments are performed in triplicate with appropriate positive and negative controls. |
| Animal Protocol |
Xanthopterin hydrate in vivo studies are conducted in rat models to assess its effects on renal hypertrophy and growth. Animals are administered the compound via oral administration or injection. Kidney weight and histology are assessed. RNA synthesis inhibition in tissues is confirmed by measuring RNA content. For nutritional studies, animals are fed diets containing Xanthopterin hydrate to assess its ability to replace folic acid. Animals are monitored for clinical signs. Tissues and blood samples are collected for histopathological and biochemical analysis at study endpoints. Studies are conducted in accordance with institutional animal care guidelines.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Xanthopterin hydrate (MW 179.14 g/mol, C6H5N5O2) is an unconjugated pteridine compound. It is isolated from butterfly wings and is the main component of yellow granules in Oriental hornet wings. The compound produces a characteristic excitation/emission maximum at 386/456 nm. It is soluble in water and other appropriate solvents. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as half-life, bioavailability, and tissue distribution would be determined in species-specific studies.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Xanthopterin hydrate is generally well-tolerated in preclinical studies. The compound is a natural pteridine with established safety profiles. It induces renal hypertrophy and growth in rats at certain doses. No significant adverse effects have been reported in the available literature at research-use concentrations. The compound is intended for research use only. Standard safety precautions should be followed when handling. Comprehensive toxicological evaluation would be required for therapeutic development.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Xanthopterin hydrate is an unconjugated pteridine compound and the main component of yellow granules in Oriental hornet wings, with excitation/emission maxima at 386/456 nm. It inhibits RNA synthesis and induces renal hypertrophy and growth in rats. The compound can replace folic acid in nutrition and exhibits antioxidant and photoprotective properties. It serves as a metabolic intermediate in folate and pterin biosynthesis. All applications are limited to non-human research use.
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| Molecular Formula |
C₆H₇N₅O₃
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
197.15
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| Exact Mass |
197.055
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| CAS # |
5979-01-1
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| Related CAS # |
Xanthopterin;119-44-8
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| PubChem CID |
135465063
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| Appearance |
Light yellow to yellow solid powder
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| Boiling Point |
458.7ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
>300 °C(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
231.2ºC
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| LogP |
-2.1
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
14
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| Complexity |
392
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
GXYCFNCAIXIUMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C6H5N5O2.H2O/c7-6-10-4-3(5(13)11-6)9-2(12)1-8-4;/h1H,(H,9,12)(H3,7,8,10,11,13);1H2
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| Chemical Name |
2-amino-3,5-dihydropteridine-4,6-dione;hydrate
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| Synonyms |
Xanthopterin
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~5 mg/mL (~25.36 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.0723 mL | 25.3614 mL | 50.7228 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0145 mL | 5.0723 mL | 10.1446 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5072 mL | 2.5361 mL | 5.0723 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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