| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10g |
|
||
| 25g |
|
||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
A2BR
Adenosine 2B receptor (ADORA2B) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). |
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
The compound acts as a ligand for the adenosine 2B receptor (ADORA2B). More significantly, it activates AMPK in skeletal muscle cells, which is a key regulator of cellular energy homeostasis. Activation of AMPK by this compound has been shown to ameliorate insulin resistance.
|
| ln Vivo |
In HFD-induced diabetic rats, adenosine 5'-monophosphate (10 and 13 mg/L, given in distilled water, 25 weeks) disodium enhances glucose metabolism[1]. In mice, adenosine receptors allow adenosine 5'-monophosphate (40–800 mg/kg, ip) to decrease body temperature[2].
In animal models (e.g., high-fat diet-induced diabetic mice), administration of Adenosine 5'-monophosphate disodium has been shown to improve glucose metabolism and reduce insulin resistance, primarily by activating AMPK in skeletal muscle and promoting glucose uptake. |
| Enzyme Assay |
A direct radioligand binding assay using 3H-labeled 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA) and membranes from cells expressing the adenosine A2B receptor is performed. Cold competition with varying concentrations of the compound is used to calculate the Ki for receptor binding.
|
| Cell Assay |
C2C12 mouse skeletal muscle cells are differentiated into myotubes and treated with varying concentrations of Adenosine 5'-monophosphate disodium (0.1-10 mM) for 1-24 hours. Cell lysates are analyzed by Western blotting using an antibody against phosphorylated AMPK (Thr172) to measure AMPK activation.
|
| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: C57BL/6 J mice with high-fat diet-induced diabetes[1]
Doses: 10 and 13 mg/L Route of Administration: Added in distilled water, for 25 weeks Experimental Results: Enhanced phosphorylation of AMPK and mRNA levels of genes involved in lipid oxidation in the skeletal muscle. Male C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet to induce insulin resistance are injected intraperitoneally with 5'-AMP-Na2 (e.g., 500 mg/kg) daily for 4 weeks. Insulin tolerance tests (ITT) and glucose tolerance tests (GTT) are performed. Skeletal muscle is harvested at sacrifice to assess AMPK phosphorylation. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
As a polar, charged nucleotide, this compound has very poor oral bioavailability and is typically administered intraperitoneally or intravenously. Its half-life in circulation is short due to rapid metabolism by ectonucleotidases and cellular uptake.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity Summary
It is safe at the current usage and concentration. Ingredient, concentration, and usage information can be found at: https://cir-reports.cir-safety.org In animal studies, it is generally considered safe and well-tolerated at the doses used for acute and chronic metabolic studies. High doses may cause mild gastrointestinal discomfort, but no severe organ toxicity has been reported at the administered doses. |
| References |
[1]. Ardiansyah, et al. Adenosine and adenosine-5'-monophosphate ingestion ameliorates abnormal glucose metabolism in mice fed a high-fat diet. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2018 Nov 14;18(1):304.
[2]. Steven J. Swoap, et al. AMP does not induce torpor. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 2007 293:1, R468-R473. [3]. Holien JK, et al. AMP and adenosine are both ligands for adenosine 2B receptor signaling. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2018 Jan 15;28(2):202-206. |
| Additional Infomation |
Disodium adenosine 5'-phosphate is an organic molecular entity. Adenine nucleotides have a phosphate group esterified at the 2', 3', or 5' position of their sugar moiety. See also: adenosine phosphate (note moved to).
This compound is a fundamental research tool in cellular metabolism and diabetes studies. It is not a drug but rather a physiological regulator. It can also act as an energy substrate and is involved in purinergic signaling, making it a versatile agent in biochemical research. |
| Molecular Formula |
C10H12N5NA2O7P
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
391.18
|
| Exact Mass |
391.026
|
| CAS # |
4578-31-8
|
| Related CAS # |
Adenosine monophosphate;61-19-8;Adenosine 5'-monophosphate monohydrate;18422-05-4;Adenosine 5'-monophosphate-13C disodium;Adenosine 5'-monophosphate-d2 disodium;Adenosine-5'-monophosphate-15N5 disodium
|
| PubChem CID |
20712
|
| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
|
| Boiling Point |
798.5ºC at 760 mmHg
|
| Melting Point |
232-235ºC
|
| Flash Point |
436.7ºC
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
11
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
25
|
| Complexity |
469
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
4
|
| SMILES |
P(=O)([O-])([O-])OC([H])([H])[C@]1([H])[C@]([H])([C@]([H])([C@]([H])(N2C([H])=NC3=C(N([H])[H])N=C([H])N=C23)O1)O[H])O[H].[Na+].[Na+]
|
| InChi Key |
QGXLVXZRPRRCRP-IDIVVRGQSA-L
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H14N5O7P.2Na/c11-8-5-9(13-2-12-8)15(3-14-5)10-7(17)6(16)4(22-10)1-21-23(18,19)20;;/h2-4,6-7,10,16-17H,1H2,(H2,11,12,13)(H2,18,19,20);;/q;2*+1/p-2/t4-,6-,7-,10-;;/m1../s1
|
| Chemical Name |
disodium;[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl phosphate
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O: 100 mg/mL (255.64 mM)
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.5564 mL | 12.7818 mL | 25.5637 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5113 mL | 2.5564 mL | 5.1127 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2556 mL | 1.2782 mL | 2.5564 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
