| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Central nervous system targets including monoamine reuptake transporters (serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) and calcium/sodium channels; also modulates beta-catenin protein levels in mesenchymal cells.
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as quantitative tracers while the drugs were being developed. Because deuteration may have an effect on a drug's pharmacokinetics and metabolic properties, it is a cause for concern [1].
Nefopam inhibits the reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine in the CNS, contributing to its analgesic and antidepressant properties. In vitro, Nefopam has been shown to target the beta-catenin protein level in mesenchymal cells. For Nefopam-d3, the deuterated version is expected to bind with similar affinity to these targets, making it suitable for receptor binding assays using mass spectrometry detection. |
| Cell Assay |
Nefopam has been shown to modulate beta-catenin levels in mesenchymal cells, with Nefopam hydrochloride affecting protein stability. The deuterated version is used to confirm these findings via isotope tracing. A typical protocol: Culture mesenchymal stem cells or fibroblasts. Treat cells with 10-100 uM Nefopam-d3 for 24-48 hours. Lyse cells and analyze beta-catenin protein expression by Western blot. Use LC-MS/MS to quantify the ratio of Nefopam-d3 to endogenous Nefopam or to trace its metabolic fate.
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| Animal Protocol |
For pharmacokinetic studies in animals (e.g., rats, mice), Nefopam-d3 is administered intravenously (IV) or orally to serve as an internal standard for bioanalytical method validation. A typical protocol: Administer a known dose of Nefopam hydrochloride alongside a fixed amount of Nefopam-d3. Collect blood samples at various time points (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 hours). Process plasma by protein precipitation and analyze by LC-MS/MS with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) to quantify both unlabeled and deuterated drug. The deuterated standard enables accurate determination of Nefopam concentrations.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Nefopam-d3 has a molecular weight of 292.82 g/mol (free base) and is typically supplied as the hydrochloride salt. The pharmacokinetics of Nefopam in humans: oral bioavailability ~30-50% due to first-pass metabolism; peak plasma concentration reached in 1-2 hours; terminal half-life (t1/2) ~4-6 hours. Metabolism is primarily via N-demethylation and hydroxylation (CYP450 enzymes). The deuteration (d3) is expected to slow the rate of metabolism at the deuterated site, leading to a slight extension of half-life and reduced formation of deuterated metabolites.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Nefopam has a well-established clinical safety profile. Common adverse effects include nausea, dizziness, dry mouth, drowsiness, and sweating. At therapeutic doses, cardiovascular effects are minimal. Nefopam-d3, as a stable isotope-labeled analog, is considered non-toxic at the trace amounts used as an analytical standard. For research use, standard precautions for handling pharmaceutical compounds should be followed.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Nefopam-d3 is a research-grade stable isotope-labeled standard, not intended for human therapeutic use. It is used exclusively for analytical method development (e.g., bioequivalence studies, toxicokinetic studies) and as a tracer for metabolic studies of non-opioid analgesics. Nefopam (unlabeled) is approved in several countries for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. The deuterated form is not approved as a therapeutic agent and is for laboratory research use only.
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| Molecular Formula |
C17H20CLNO
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
289.799803733826
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| Exact Mass |
292.142
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| CAS # |
1346603-30-2
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| Related CAS # |
Nefopam hydrochloride;23327-57-3
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| PubChem CID |
71750978
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
20
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| Complexity |
274
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
C([H])([H])([H])N1CCOC(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C1.Cl
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| InChi Key |
CNNVSINJDJNHQK-NIIDSAIPSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C17H19NO.ClH/c1-18-11-12-19-17(14-7-3-2-4-8-14)16-10-6-5-9-15(16)13-18;/h2-10,17H,11-13H2,1H3;1H/i1D3;
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| Chemical Name |
1-phenyl-5-(trideuteriomethyl)-1,3,4,6-tetrahydro-2,5-benzoxazocine;hydrochloride
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.4507 mL | 17.2533 mL | 34.5066 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6901 mL | 3.4507 mL | 6.9013 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3451 mL | 1.7253 mL | 3.4507 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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