| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5g |
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| 25g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
- Dextrose (referred to as D-glucose in literature) exerts effects on pancreatic beta cells and enterochromaffin-like BON cells[2][3]
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
- In pancreatic beta cell cultures, Dextrose isomers (α-D-glucose, β-D-glucose) protected against alloxan-induced necrosis. At concentrations of 10-50 mM, both isomers reduced beta cell death, with β-D-glucose showing slightly stronger protective effects; the cell survival rate increased by 20-40% compared to the alloxan-only group [2]
- In cultured human BON cells (used as an enterochromaffin cell model), Dextrose induced concentration-dependent release of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). At concentrations of 5 mM, 10 mM, and 25 mM, the 5-HT release amount was 1.5-fold, 2.3-fold, and 3.1-fold higher than the basal release level, respectively; this effect was not observed with L-glucose (a non-metabolizable isomer) [3] |
| ln Vivo |
- In mice treated with alloxan (a beta cell toxin), pretreatment with Dextrose isomers (α-D-glucose or β-D-glucose, 2 g/kg, intraperitoneal injection) 30 minutes before alloxan administration significantly prevented alloxan-induced hyperglycemia. The blood glucose level of the Dextrose-pretreated group was 40-50% lower than that of the alloxan-only group 24 hours after treatment, and histological examination showed fewer necrotic beta cells in the pancreatic islets [2]
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| Cell Assay |
- For pancreatic beta cell assay: Pancreatic islets were isolated from mice, and beta cells were purified and cultured in medium containing 5.6 mM glucose. Cells were divided into control group, alloxan (1 mM) treatment group, and Dextrose isomer (10-50 mM) + alloxan co-treatment groups. After 24 hours of incubation, cell viability was detected by trypan blue exclusion test, and beta cell necrosis was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining [2]
- For human BON cell assay: BON cells were cultured in medium with 10% fetal bovine serum. Cells were serum-starved for 2 hours, then treated with Dextrose (5-25 mM) or L-glucose (25 mM) for 30 minutes. The culture supernatant was collected, and 5-HT concentration was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection [3] |
| Animal Protocol |
- Male mice were randomly divided into three groups: control group, alloxan group, and Dextrose pretreatment group. Mice in the Dextrose group received α-D-glucose or β-D-glucose (dissolved in normal saline, 2 g/kg) via intraperitoneal injection. Thirty minutes later, mice in the alloxan group and Dextrose group were injected with alloxan (75 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection). Blood glucose levels were measured at 0 hour, 12 hours, and 24 hours after alloxan injection. At the end of the experiment, mice were sacrificed, and pancreatic tissues were collected for histological analysis [2]
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Aldehyde-D-glucose is the open-chain form of D-glucose. It is both D-glucose and aldehyde-glucose. It is the enantiomer of aldehyde-L-glucose. (2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal has been reported in apple wood (Maclura pomifera), rehmannia (Rehmannia glutinosa), and other organisms with relevant data. It is a major energy source for organisms. It occurs naturally, in a free state, in fruits and other parts of plants. It is used medicinally to replenish fluids and nutrients. See also: D-glucose (preferred). L-glucose (related); D-glucose-furanose (related) ... See more ...
- glucose (D-glucose) is a metabolizable monosaccharide whose protective effect on pancreatic β-cells may be due to its ability to compete with alokine for entry into β-cells (via glucose transporter), thereby reducing alokine-induced oxidative stress and cell necrosis [2] - glucose induces the release of 5-HT from BON cells, suggesting that it may regulate the function of enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal tract, which are involved in the regulation of gastrointestinal motility and secretion [3] - glucose can be quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed using a copper foam electrode; this method has high specificity for D-glucose (no cross-reactivity with D-galactose or D-lactose), and the detection range is 0.1-10 mM, making it suitable for the detection of glucose in food samples [1] |
| Molecular Formula |
C6H12O6
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
180.1559
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| Exact Mass |
180.063
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| CAS # |
50-99-7
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| Related CAS # |
D-Glucose-13C6;110187-42-3;D-Glucose-13C6,d7;201417-01-8;D-Glucose-13C;101615-88-7;D-Glucose-13C2-4;138079-87-5;D-Glucose-13C-4;40762-22-9;D-Glucose-d;56570-89-9;D-Glucose-13C-1;84270-10-0;D-Glucose-13C-2;120388-24-1;D-Glucose-13C-3;105931-74-6;D-Glucose-13C2;201741-04-0;D-Glucose-13C-5;106032-62-6;D-Glucose-13C3-1;478529-32-7;D-Glucose-13C,d;201136-45-0;D-Glucose-d12-1;89798-27-6;D-Glucose-13C,d-1;201417-06-3;D-Glucose-13C,d2;478529-33-8;D-Glucose-13C2,d2;157171-80-7;D-Glucose-d2-1;478529-48-5;D-Glucose-d4;478529-49-6;D-Glucose-13C,d;83379-46-8;D-Glucose-d2-2;1009828-82-3;D-Glucose-18O;3343-70-2;D-Glucose-d-1;136864-16-9;D-Glucose-18O-1;D-Glucose-18O-2;D-Glucose-18O-3;D-Glucose-d-2;51517-59-0;D-Glucose-d2;18991-62-3;D-Glucose-d7;66034-51-3;D-Glucose-d-3;106032-60-4;D-Glucose-d-4;106032-61-5
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| PubChem CID |
107526
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.6±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
527.1±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
146 ºC
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| Flash Point |
286.7±26.6 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±3.1 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.573
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| LogP |
-3.17
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
5
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
12
|
| Complexity |
138
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
4
|
| SMILES |
C([C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](C=O)O)O)O)O)O
|
| InChi Key |
GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C6H12O6/c7-1-3(9)5(11)6(12)4(10)2-8/h1,3-6,8-12H,2H2/t3-,4+,5+,6+/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ≥ 50 mg/mL (~277.53 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 100 mg/mL (555.06 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication.
(Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.5506 mL | 27.7531 mL | 55.5062 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.1101 mL | 5.5506 mL | 11.1012 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5551 mL | 2.7753 mL | 5.5506 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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