| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| 500mg | ||
| 1g | ||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
TLR3
The primary biological targets of this compound are pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) of the innate immune system. Specifically, it is a known agonist of TLR3, which is expressed on the endosomal membrane of various immune and non-immune cells. It also activates the cytoplasmic receptors RIG-I and MDA5, which sense viral RNA in the cytosol. Activation of these receptors leads to the induction of type I interferons (IFN-α/β) and other pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby initiating an antiviral immune response. This broad-spectrum activation of innate immunity is the basis for its use as an adjuvant and immune modulator. |
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Potassium polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (20 ng/mL; 24 hours; WM793, WM278, WM239A, WM9, and 1205Lu cells) inhibits the growth activity of cells [1]. Apoptosis in 1205Lu cells is induced by 200 ng/mL of potassium polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid for a 24-hour period [1]. Melanoma cells are induced to express IFN-β when exposed to potassium polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (5 ng/mL; 24 hours; 1205Lu cells). IFN-β induction by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid potassium needs IPS-1, RIG-I, and MDA-5, respectively, as demonstrated by the silencing of these two proteins [1]. Potassium polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid potassium was made ready for injection by resuspending it in sterile saline at a concentration of 2 mg/ml, heating it to 50 °C to guarantee total dissolution, and letting it cool naturally to room temperature to guarantee appropriate double-stranded RNA annealing. Potassium polyinonose-polycytidylic acid. I:C Poly Until used, keep stored at -20 °C [3].
In vitro, the compound exhibits a wide range of biological activities. It is commonly used to stimulate immune cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, leading to the production of cytokines like TNF-α and IL-6. It can also directly induce apoptosis in certain cancer cell lines, such as those from melanoma or breast cancer, by activating the dsRNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) pathway. The specific potency of these effects varies depending on the cell type and the concentration used, typically in the range of 1-100 μg/mL. Its ability to activate both innate and adaptive immune responses makes it a powerful research tool. |
| ln Vivo |
In NOD/SCID immunodeficient mice, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid potassium (50 µg; iv; on days 3, 6, and 9 following tumor inoculation) exhibits anti-tumor action [1].
In vivo, the compound is used as a vaccine adjuvant to enhance the immune response to co-administered antigens. It is also used in animal models to study the pathogenesis of viral infections and to evaluate the efficacy of antiviral therapies. When administered in vivo, it can induce a systemic interferon response and activate multiple immune cell populations. In tumor models, it can be administered intratumorally to change the tumor microenvironment from immunosuppressive to immunostimulatory, thereby promoting antitumor immunity. Its in vivo effects are dose-dependent and can vary based on the route of administration. |
| Enzyme Assay |
The non-cellular enzyme or receptor binding assay for this compound involves measuring its ability to bind to and activate TLR3, RIG-I, or MDA5. This can be done using purified receptor proteins in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay. For TLR3, a common assay uses a HEK293 cell line engineered to express TLR3 and a reporter gene (e.g., luciferase) under the control of an NF-κB or IFN-β promoter. The binding of Poly(I:C) to TLR3 leads to the activation of the signaling pathway and the production of the reporter protein, which can be quantified.
|
| Cell Assay |
Cell Viability Assay[1]
Cell Types: WM793, WM278, WM239A, WM9 and 1205Lu cells Tested Concentrations: 20 ng/mL Incubation Duration: 24 hrs (hours) Experimental Results: Strongly decreased viability from 100% in controls to 20%–50% within 24 hrs (hours). Apoptosis Analysis[1] Cell Types: 1205Lu cells Tested Concentrations: 200 ng/mL Incubation Duration: 24 hrs (hours) Experimental Results: Induced apoptosis in 1205Lu cells. RT-PCR[1] Cell Types: WM793, WM278, WM239A, WM9 and 1205Lu cells Tested Concentrations: 3 ng/mL Incubation Duration: 24 hrs (hours) Experimental Results: Induced IFN-β expression in melanoma cells. Western Blot Analysis[1] Cell Types: 1205Lu cells Tested Concentrations: 5 ng/mL Incubation Duration: 24 hrs (hours) Experimental Results: Revealed active subunits of caspase-9 and caspase-8 in melanoma cells. The in vitro cellular assay for this compound typically involves treating cells with Poly(I:C) at various concentrations (e.g., 1-100 μg/mL) for a specified period (e.g., 6-24 hours). The readout can be the production of cytokines (e.g., IFN-β, TNF-α) measured by ELISA, the activation of signaling pathways (e.g., NF-κB, IRF3) measured by western blotting or luciferase reporter assays, or the induction of apoptosis measured by flow cytometry. A common cell line used is the macrophage-like cell line RAW264.7 or primary dendritic cells. The assay is a standard method for studying innate immune activation. |
| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: NOD/SCID immunodeficient mice (1205Lu cells)[1]
Doses: 50 µg Route of Administration: Iv; on days 3, 6, and 9 after tumor inoculation Experimental Results: diminished the size of metastases and the total amount of tumor tissue, and the level of human DNA was 50% lower in mice. The in vivo animal experiment workflow for this compound depends on the specific research question. For vaccine adjuvant studies, mice are typically immunized with an antigen mixed with Poly(I:C) via a subcutaneous or intramuscular route. The immune response is then evaluated by measuring antigen-specific antibody titers and T cell responses. For antiviral studies, mice may be treated with Poly(I:C) before or after a viral challenge to assess its protective effect. For tumor studies, Poly(I:C) can be injected intratumorally into mice bearing subcutaneous tumors, and the effect on tumor growth and immune cell infiltration is monitored. |
| References |
|
| Molecular Formula |
C19H27KN7O16P2
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
710.50080704689
|
| Exact Mass |
710.062
|
| CAS # |
31852-29-6
|
| Related CAS # |
Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid;24939-03-5;Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium;42424-50-0
|
| PubChem CID |
137031716
|
| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
10
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
18
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
8
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
45
|
| Complexity |
1090
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
8
|
| SMILES |
C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.C1=NC2=C(C(=O)N1)N=CN2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O.[K]
|
| InChi Key |
KHPUABRWHJGXNJ-VRQAYDGLSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H13N4O8P.C9H14N3O8P.K/c15-6-4(1-21-23(18,19)20)22-10(7(6)16)14-3-13-5-8(14)11-2-12-9(5)17;10-5-1-2-12(9(15)11-5)8-7(14)6(13)4(20-8)3-19-21(16,17)18;/h2-4,6-7,10,15-16H,1H2,(H,11,12,17)(H2,18,19,20);1-2,4,6-8,13-14H,3H2,(H2,10,11,15)(H2,16,17,18);/t4-,6-,7-,10-;4-,6-,7-,8-;/m11./s1
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.4075 mL | 7.0373 mL | 14.0746 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2815 mL | 1.4075 mL | 2.8149 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1407 mL | 0.7037 mL | 1.4075 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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