| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 10mg |
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| 25mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Poly(I:C) specifically binds to TLR3, which is located in endosomes, and also to cytoplasmic RNA helicases MDA5 and RIG-I. This triggers the activation of IRF3 and NF-κB, leading to the production of type I interferons (IFN-α/β) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. It mimics viral infection and induces a strong innate immune response.
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| ln Vitro |
Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (20 ng/mL; 24 hours; WM793, WM278, WM239A, WM9, and 1205Lu cells) treatment dramatically decreased cell viability in a day, going from 100% of control to 20%–50%. %[1]. Treatment of 1205Lu cells with 200 ng/mL of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid for 24 hours causes apoptosis in these cells.[1]. Melanoma cells treated with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (3 ng/mL; 24 hours; 1205Lu cells) express IFN-β. The stimulation of IFN-β by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid requires IPS-1 and RIG-I and MDA-5, respectively, as demonstrated by the silencing of these two proteins [1].
In melanoma cells, treatment with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (5 ng/mL) for 24 hours revealed the presence of caspase-9 and caspase-8 active subunits [1]. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium salt, ready for injection by resuspension in sterile saline at a concentration of 2 mg/mL, heated to 50 °C to guarantee total dissolution and allowed to naturally cool to room temperature to guarantee correct dissolution of double-stranded RNA annealing. Until used, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid should be kept refrigerated at -20 °C [3]. In vitro, Poly(I:C) induces IFN-β production in various cell types, including macrophages and dendritic cells, with EC50 around 1-10 µg/mL. It also upregulates MHC class I and co-stimulatory molecules. It shows antiviral activity against many viruses in cell culture. It is not directly cytotoxic up to 100 µg/mL. |
| ln Vivo |
When injected with 1205Lu cells, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid prevents the formation of tumors in immunodeficient NOD/SCID animals. Mice treated with Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid showed a 50% reduction in human DNA levels [1].
In vivo, Poly(I:C) has been used as a vaccine adjuvant to enhance antibody responses. In mice, intravenous or intraperitoneal administration of 5-50 µg per mouse induces strong interferon responses and activates immune cells. It has shown efficacy in mouse models of cancer as an immunotherapeutic agent, and in viral infections as a prophylactic treatment. |
| Enzyme Assay |
The in vitro TLR3 activation assay uses HEK293 cells expressing human TLR3 and a reporter construct (NF-κB-luc). Cells are treated with Poly(I:C) (0.1-100 µg/mL) for 6 h, and luciferase activity is measured. For cytokine production, mouse macrophages are treated with Poly(I:C) and IFN-β levels are measured by ELISA.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell Viability Assay[1]
Cell Types: WM793, WM278, WM239A, WM9 and 1205Lu cells Tested Concentrations: 20 ng/mL Incubation Duration: 24 hrs (hours) Experimental Results: Strongly decreased viability from 100% in controls to 20%–50% within 24 hrs (hours). Apoptosis Analysis[1] Cell Types: 1205Lu cells Tested Concentrations: 200 ng/mL Incubation Duration: 24 hrs (hours) Experimental Results: Induced apoptosis in 1205Lu cells. RT-PCR[1] Cell Types: 1205Lu cells Tested Concentrations: 3 ng/mL Incubation Duration: 24 hrs (hours) Experimental Results: Induced IFN-β expression in melanoma cells. Western Blot Analysis[1] Cell Types: 1205Lu cells Tested Concentrations: 5 ng/mL Incubation Duration: 24 hrs (hours) Experimental Results: Revealed active subunits of caspase-9 and caspase-8 in melanoma cells . For in vitro cell-based assays, bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) are treated with Poly(I:C) (1-50 µg/mL) for 24 h. Cell surface markers (CD80, CD86, MHC II) are analyzed by flow cytometry. Cytokines in supernatants are measured by multiplex assay. For antiviral assays, cells are pre-treated with Poly(I:C) and then infected with virus; viral titers are determined. |
| Animal Protocol |
In vivo immunostimulation studies in mice: C57BL/6 mice are injected intraperitoneally with Poly(I:C) (10-100 µg/mouse). After 4-6 h, blood is collected for serum IFN-β measurement. Splenocytes are analyzed for activation markers. For vaccine studies, mice are immunized with antigen plus Poly(I:C) as adjuvant, and antibody titers are measured. For antitumor studies, mice with established tumors are treated intratumorally with Poly(I:C).
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data: Poly(I:C) is a large polymer; it is rapidly cleared from circulation with a half-life of minutes to hours. It is degraded by nucleases. Bioavailability after oral administration is negligible. It is usually administered parenterally.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Poly(I:C) has significant toxicity at high doses, causing cytokine storm, liver damage, and inflammation. In mice, LD50 is around 5-10 mg/kg (i.p.). It can cause fever, hypotension, and flu-like symptoms. Its use in humans is limited due to toxicity.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Poly(I:C) is widely used in research as a TLR3 agonist and viral mimic. It has been investigated as a vaccine adjuvant and anticancer agent. Clinical trials have been limited due to toxicity. It is not approved for clinical use but is a valuable research tool.
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| Molecular Formula |
C19H27N7NAO16P2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
694.392277002335
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| Exact Mass |
694.088
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| CAS # |
42424-50-0
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| Related CAS # |
Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid;24939-03-5;Poly (I:C):Kanamycin (1:1) (sodium);Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid potassium;31852-29-6
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| PubChem CID |
137229713
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
10
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
18
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
8
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| Heavy Atom Count |
45
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| Complexity |
1090
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
8
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| SMILES |
P(=O)(O)(O)OCC1C(C(C(N2C=NC3C(NC=NC2=3)=O)O1)O)O.P(=O)(O)(O)OCC1C(C(C(N2C(N=C(C=C2)N)=O)O1)O)O.[Na]
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| InChi Key |
GETQKWBYQAUFQM-VRQAYDGLSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H13N4O8P.C9H14N3O8P.Na/c15-6-4(1-21-23(18,19)20)22-10(7(6)16)14-3-13-5-8(14)11-2-12-9(5)17;10-5-1-2-12(9(15)11-5)8-7(14)6(13)4(20-8)3-19-21(16,17)18;/h2-4,6-7,10,15-16H,1H2,(H,11,12,17)(H2,18,19,20);1-2,4,6-8,13-14H,3H2,(H2,10,11,15)(H2,16,17,18);/t4-,6-,7-,10-;4-,6-,7-,8-;/m11./s1
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~10 mg/mL
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 6.67 mg/mL (Infinity mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication (<60°C).
(Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.4401 mL | 7.2006 mL | 14.4011 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2880 mL | 1.4401 mL | 2.8802 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1440 mL | 0.7201 mL | 1.4401 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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