| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 10mg |
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| 25mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg |
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| Targets |
Poly(I:C) targets Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors, including RIG-I and MDA5. These receptors are pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize viral dsRNA and trigger innate immune responses. By binding to these receptors, Poly(I:C) mimics viral infection and activates downstream signaling pathways, leading to the production of type I interferons and pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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| ln Vitro |
The paracellular permeability of immortalized airway epithelial cells is increased at a dose and time by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (0.5–5 μg/mL, 3–24 h) [4]. 16HBE14o- cells experience disruption of their epithelial apical junction complexes and tight junctions when exposed to polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (5 μg/mL, 6 h) [4]. However, the acid does not cause any cytotoxicity to 16HBE14o- cells [4].
In vitro, Poly(I:C) is a potent activator of innate immune responses. It induces the production of type I interferons and pro-inflammatory cytokines in various cell types, including immune cells and epithelial cells. It is used to study the mechanisms of antiviral immunity, to activate dendritic cells and macrophages, and to model the actions of extracellular dsRNA. Its activity is typically assessed by measuring the production of IFN-β, TNF-α, or IL-6 by ELISA. |
| ln Vivo |
Polyinosinic acid (2.5-10 mg/mL, stereotactic injection, single dosage) causes prolonged reactive reactions in the substantia nigra and dorsal striatum [2]. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic Acid (10 μg/mouse, i.p.) Polyinosinic-polycytidylic Acid (1.25 mg/kg, i.p., single dosage) boosts brain tumor lung growth via TLR3 and TLR4/MyD88 signaling in the MCAO model [3 ].
In vivo, Poly(I:C) is used as a vaccine adjuvant to enhance innate and adaptive immune responses. It has been shown to boost brain tumor lung immunity at a dose of 1.25 mg/kg (i.p., single dosage). It is also used to study the role of TLR3 and RIG-I-like receptors in antiviral defense and to model viral infections in animal studies. |
| Enzyme Assay |
The activity of Poly(I:C) is assessed using in vitro cell-based assays. Cells, such as dendritic cells or macrophages, are treated with Poly(I:C), and the production of type I interferons (e.g., IFN-β) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α, IL-6) is measured by ELISA or qRT-PCR. The activation of downstream signaling pathways, such as NF-κB and IRF3, can be confirmed by Western blot.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell Cytotoxicity Assay[4]
Cell Types: 16HBE14o- Cell Tested Concentrations: 5 μg/mL Incubation Duration: 24 hrs (hours) Experimental Results: No significant accumulation of LDH in the cell culture medium The cellular activity of Poly(I:C) is evaluated in various cell types, including immune cells, epithelial cells, and fibroblasts. Cells are treated with Poly(I:C), and its effect on cytokine production, cell activation, and signaling pathways is assessed. Its ability to induce the maturation of dendritic cells and to activate NK cells can also be studied. |
| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: lung tumor mice [3]
Doses: 10 μg/mouse Route of Administration: intraperitoneal (ip) injection Experimental Results: The growth of lung metastases in tumor-bearing mice was Dramatically diminished. . The number of lung lesions was diminished to approximately 40%. The number of BAL fluid cells increased Dramatically. Increased levels of INF-γ and IL-17A and diminished levels of IL-13. Increased TLR3 expression. Animal/Disease Models: Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model mouse [5] Doses: 1.25 mg/kg Route of Administration: intraperitoneal (ip) injection Experimental Results: Reduce focal brain I/R injury. Increase the expression of Bcl2, Hsp27 and Hsp70, reduce Bax expression, and reduce cell degeneration and apoptosis. Downregulating TLR4 signaling through TLR3 prevents cerebral ischemia and provides protection against cerebral I/R injury. In animal studies, Poly(I:C) is typically administered via intraperitoneal (i.p.) or intravenous (i.v.) injection. In models of viral infection, it can be used to stimulate antiviral responses. As a vaccine adjuvant, it is co-administered with antigens to enhance the immune response. Efficacy endpoints include cytokine production, immune cell activation, and protection against challenge. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Poly(I:C) is a synthetic dsRNA analog with a molecular weight of 671.41 g/mol and a chemical formula of C19H27N7O16P2. It is typically stored as a powder at -20°C. It is soluble in water and is commonly used in research as a sterile solution. Its stability and purity are critical for its activity as an immunostimulant.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of Poly(I:C) is related to its immunostimulatory activity. High doses can induce a strong inflammatory response, leading to symptoms similar to those of a viral infection. Its use in research requires careful dose optimization to balance efficacy and toxicity. It is not intended for human therapeutic use without further development.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly(I:C), CAS: 24939-03-5) is a widely used and well-characterized immunostimulant that mimics viral dsRNA. Its ability to activate TLR3 and RIG-I-like receptors makes it a valuable tool for studying innate immunity, antiviral responses, and vaccine adjuvancy. It is available from various commercial suppliers for research purposes and continues to be a key reagent in immunology and vaccine research.
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| Molecular Formula |
(C10H13N4O8P)X.(C9H14N3O8P)X
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| Molecular Weight |
671.4025
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| Exact Mass |
671.098
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| CAS # |
24939-03-5
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| Related CAS # |
Poly (I:C):Kanamycin (1:1);Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid potassium;31852-29-6;Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium;42424-50-0
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| PubChem CID |
135478809
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Boiling Point |
851.4ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Vapour Pressure |
7.7E-31mmHg at 25°C
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
10
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
18
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
8
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| Heavy Atom Count |
44
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| Complexity |
1090
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
ACEVNMQDUCOKHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H13N4O8P.C9H14N3O8P/c15-6-4(1-21-23(18,19)20)22-10(7(6)16)14-3-13-5-8(14)11-2-12-9(5)17;10-5-1-2-12(9(15)11-5)8-7(14)6(13)4(20-8)3-19-21(16,17)18/h2-4,6-7,10,15-16H,1H2,(H,11,12,17)(H2,18,19,20);1-2,4,6-8,13-14H,3H2,(H2,10,11,15)(H2,16,17,18)
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| Chemical Name |
[5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl dihydrogen phosphate;[3,4-dihydroxy-5-(6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methyl dihydrogen phosphate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~50 mg/mL
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 100 mg/mL (Infinity mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication.
(Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.4894 mL | 7.4471 mL | 14.8943 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2979 mL | 1.4894 mL | 2.9789 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1489 mL | 0.7447 mL | 1.4894 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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