| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
|
||
| 2mg |
|
||
| 5mg |
|
||
| 10mg |
|
||
| 25mg | |||
| 50mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Valsartan D9 targets the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor, a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that mediates the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II. By blocking the AT1 receptor, valsartan inhibits angiotensin II-induced vasoconstriction, aldosterone release, and sympathetic activation, leading to vasodilation, reduced blood pressure, and decreased cardiac workload. The deuterium atoms in Valsartan D9 do not alter the compound's binding affinity or pharmacological activity, as the isotope substitution does not significantly affect the compound's three-dimensional structure or its interactions with the AT1 receptor. The compound's selective antagonism of the AT1 receptor over the AT2 receptor contributes to its antihypertensive efficacy and its beneficial effects on cardiovascular and renal function.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Valsartan is a synthetic, nonpeptide angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist that works by preventing the actions of angiotensin, causing blood vessels to dilate and blood pressure to drop. Ageing aortic endothelial cells exhibit a substantial reduction in AT1R expression when treated with valsartan [1].
In vitro studies on Valsartan D9 are limited, as the compound is primarily used as an internal standard rather than as a pharmacological tool. However, the parent compound valsartan has been extensively characterized in vitro. Valsartan potently inhibits angiotensin II-induced contraction in isolated vascular smooth muscle preparations, with IC₅₀ values in the nanomolar range. In receptor binding assays, valsartan binds to the AT1 receptor with high affinity, with Ki values of approximately 2-10 nM. Valsartan also inhibits angiotensin II-induced signaling pathways, including the activation of phospholipase C, the mobilization of intracellular calcium, and the activation of MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways. Valsartan D9 exhibits identical chromatographic and mass spectrometric behavior to valsartan but can be distinguished by mass due to the 9 Da mass shift, making it an ideal internal standard for analytical methods. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies on Valsartan D9 are not typically performed, as the compound is used as an analytical standard rather than as a therapeutic agent. However, the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the parent compound valsartan have been extensively studied in humans and animals. Valsartan effectively reduces blood pressure in hypertensive patients, improves endothelial function, and reduces cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure and post-myocardial infarction. The compound is well-tolerated and has a favorable safety profile. Valsartan D9 can be used in pharmacokinetic studies to quantify valsartan levels in plasma, tissues, and other biological matrices, enabling the accurate assessment of drug exposure and the evaluation of drug-drug interactions.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
For in vitro analytical applications, Valsartan D9 is used as an internal standard for the quantification of valsartan in biological samples by LC-MS or GC-MS. A typical protocol involves the addition of a known amount of Valsartan D9 to the sample (plasma, urine, tissue homogenate) prior to sample preparation. The sample is then extracted using liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) or solid-phase extraction (SPE), and the extract is analyzed by LC-MS/MS using a reversed-phase column and a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water with formic acid or ammonium acetate. The mass spectrometer is operated in positive ion mode, and the transition for valsartan (m/z 436.2 → 291.1) and for Valsartan D9 (m/z 445.2 → 300.1) is monitored. The concentration of valsartan in the sample is calculated from the peak area ratio of valsartan to Valsartan D9 using a calibration curve prepared with known concentrations of valsartan and a fixed concentration of Valsartan D9. The method is validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, and recovery according to regulatory guidelines.
|
| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell-based assays, Valsartan D9 is not typically used, as its primary application is as an analytical standard. However, if used, it would be expected to exhibit the same biological activity as valsartan. Cells expressing the AT1 receptor (e.g., vascular smooth muscle cells, adrenal cells) are seeded in 6- or 12-well plates and treated with valsartan or Valsartan D9 at concentrations of 0.01-10 µM for 30 minutes to 24 hours. The inhibition of angiotensin II-induced signaling is assessed by measuring intracellular calcium mobilization, MAPK activation, or aldosterone production. Cell viability is assessed using MTT assays to ensure that the observed effects are not due to cytotoxicity. All experiments include appropriate positive and negative controls, and results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation from at least three independent experiments.
|
| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal experiments, Valsartan D9 is not typically administered to animals as a therapeutic agent. However, the compound can be used in pharmacokinetic studies to measure valsartan levels in animal models. In a typical study, animals (e.g., rats, mice, dogs) are administered valsartan orally at doses of 0.1-10 mg/kg. Blood samples are collected at various time points (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 hours), and plasma is separated by centrifugation. Valsartan D9 is added to the plasma samples as an internal standard, and the samples are extracted and analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Pharmacokinetic parameters, including Cmax, Tmax, AUC, t½, and oral bioavailability, are calculated using non-compartmental analysis. For tissue distribution studies, animals are euthanized at various time points, and tissues (liver, kidney, heart, lung) are collected, homogenized, and analyzed for valsartan content using Valsartan D9 as an internal standard. All animal procedures are conducted in accordance with institutional guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Valsartan D9 is intended for use as an internal standard and is not used as a therapeutic agent. The compound has a molecular weight of 444.57 g/mol and a molecular formula of C₂₄H₂₀D₉N₅O₃. It is stable when stored as a powder at -20°C or 4°C, protected from light and moisture. The compound is soluble in DMSO, methanol, and other organic solvents. Valsartan D9 is available from various research chemical suppliers with high isotopic purity (>98%) and chemical purity (>95%).
|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Valsartan D9 is a research-use only compound and has not been approved for clinical applications as a deuterated drug. It is also known as CGP-48933 D9. The compound has a molecular formula of C₂₄H₂₀D₉N₅O₃ and a molecular weight of 444.57 g/mol. Valsartan D9 is the deuterium-labeled version of valsartan, a potent and selective angiotensin II receptor antagonist used for the treatment of high blood pressure and heart failure. The compound is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of valsartan by GC- or LC-MS in pharmacokinetic and bioanalytical studies. Valsartan D9 is available from various research chemical suppliers and is used in analytical chemistry, pharmaceutical research, and clinical pharmacology. Storage recommendations include keeping the compound in a tightly sealed container, protected from light and moisture, at -20°C or 4°C.
|
| Molecular Formula |
C₂₄H₂₀D₉N₅O₃
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
444.57
|
| Exact Mass |
444.284
|
| CAS # |
1089736-73-1
|
| Related CAS # |
Valsartan;137862-53-4;Sacubitril/Valsartan;936623-90-4
|
| PubChem CID |
25135222
|
| Appearance |
White to yellow solid powder
|
| LogP |
4.161
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
10
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
32
|
| Complexity |
608
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
|
| SMILES |
[2H]C([2H])([2H])C([2H])([2H])C([2H])([2H])C([2H])([2H])C(=O)N(CC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC=CC=C2C3=NNN=N3)[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)O
|
| InChi Key |
ACWBQPMHZXGDFX-KDDXQTGLSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C24H29N5O3/c1-4-5-10-21(30)29(22(16(2)3)24(31)32)15-17-11-13-18(14-12-17)19-8-6-7-9-20(19)23-25-27-28-26-23/h6-9,11-14,16,22H,4-5,10,15H2,1-3H3,(H,31,32)(H,25,26,27,28)/t22-/m0/s1/i1D3,4D2,5D2,10D2
|
| Chemical Name |
(2S)-3-methyl-2-[2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-nonadeuteriopentanoyl-[[4-[2-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)phenyl]phenyl]methyl]amino]butanoic acid
|
| Synonyms |
CGP-48933 D9CGP48933 D9CGP 48933 D9
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.2494 mL | 11.2468 mL | 22.4936 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4499 mL | 2.2494 mL | 4.4987 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2249 mL | 1.1247 mL | 2.2494 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
