| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Theogallin targets multiple pathways. It is an active ingredient in decaffeinated green tea extract with reported antidepressive and cognition-enhancing effects. The compound also exhibits MAO-B inhibitory activity and antioxidant properties. It crosses the blood-brain barrier, making it of interest for neuromodulatory research.
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| ln Vitro |
As a tea polyphenol, Theogallin exhibits antioxidant activity by scavenging free radicals. It also demonstrates monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitory activity, with extracts containing the compound showing IC50 values of approximately 2.24 ug/mL. The compound has been studied for its antidepressive and cognition-enhancing effects, which may be related to its MAO-B inhibition and antioxidant properties.
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| ln Vivo |
Cortical activity is lowered in power by thea gallin [1]. RC32 (ip injection; 8 mg/kg; twice daily; for 3 days)
Theogallin has been studied for its in vivo effects as part of green tea extracts. It can cross the blood-brain barrier and reduce cortical power in rodent models at 20 mg/kg oral administration. The compound has antidepressive and cognition-enhancing effects, and is also reported to have potential neuroprotective properties. Oral administration has been used to study its effects on central nervous system function. |
| Enzyme Assay |
For MAO-B enzyme inhibition assays: Recombinant human MAO-B enzyme is incubated with Theogallin at varying concentrations (0.1-100 ug/mL) in assay buffer (100 mM potassium phosphate, pH 7.4). Add the substrate kynuramine (50 uM) and incubate at 37degC for 30-60 minutes. Stop the reaction by adding 2N NaOH. Measure the fluorescence of the product 4-hydroxyquinoline (excitation 315 nm, emission 380 nm). Calculate IC50 values from dose-response curves. Use selegiline as a reference control. For antioxidant assays (cell-free): Perform DPPH radical scavenging assay by incubating Theogallin (1-200 uM) with 100 uM DPPH in methanol for 30 minutes in the dark. Measure absorbance at 517 nm. Alternatively, use ABTS or FRAP assays to measure total antioxidant capacity.
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| Cell Assay |
For cell-based assays: Culture neuronal cell lines (e.g., SH-SY5Y) or primary cortical neurons in DMEM. Treat cells with Theogallin at concentrations of 1-100 uM for 24-48 hours. Induce oxidative stress with H2O2 (100-500 uM) or glutamate (5-10 mM). Measure cell viability by MTT assay and ROS production using fluorescent probes (DCFH-DA). For MAO-B activity in cell lysates, homogenize treated cells in assay buffer, centrifuge, and measure MAO-B activity in the supernatant using the same fluorometric method as the enzyme assay.
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| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Adult Fisher rat (6 months old) [1]
Doses: 20 mg/kg Route of Administration: Oral Experimental Results:Demonstrated power-reducing effect on cortical activity. For in vivo studies in rodent models: Administer Theogallin orally to rats or mice at doses of 5-20 mg/kg dissolved in water or 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose. For behavioral studies, perform elevated plus maze, forced swim test, or open field test to assess anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors. For cognition studies, use Morris water maze or novel object recognition tests. For biomarker studies, collect brain tissues after treatment and measure neurotransmitter levels (dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine) by HPLC. For MAO-B activity ex vivo, measure enzyme activity in brain homogenates. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
As a natural compound found in tea, Theogallin has been characterized for its pharmacokinetic properties. It can cross the blood-brain barrier (CNS-penetrant activity). At 20 mg/kg oral administration, it reduces cortical power in rodent models, indicating brain exposure. Detailed pharmacokinetic parameters (Cmax, t1/2, bioavailability) have not been fully characterized. The compound is soluble in DMSO and ethanol, with moderate water solubility.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Theogallin is generally considered safe as a natural component of tea, which has a long history of safe consumption. No specific toxicity concerns have been reported for the isolated compound at research doses (5-20 mg/kg). Standard laboratory safety practices should be followed. The compound is not intended for human therapeutic use outside of approved food use.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Tea gallic acid gallate is formed by the condensation of gallic acid and the (5R)-hydroxyl group (i.e., the hydroxyl group on the same side of the cyclohexane ring as the carboxyl group) of (-)-quinic acid. It is a gallic acid ester, a monocarboxylic acid, and a tertiary alcohol. Its function is related to that of gallic acid and (-)-quinic acid. Tea gallic acid has been found in the tea plant (Camellia sinensis), Camellia taliensis, and other organisms with relevant data.
Theogallin is a research-grade natural product standard supplied for laboratory use only. It serves as a specific biomarker for tea authentication based on its quantifiable ratio to gallic acid, a property not shared by other in-class compounds. The compound is used in food chemistry research, neuromodulatory studies, and as an analytical standard. It should be stored at -20degC in a dry, dark environment. It is soluble in DMSO and ethanol. Theogallin has antidepressive and cognition-enhancing effects, making it a candidate for natural product research in neuroscience. No clinical trials or approved drug status exist. |
| Molecular Formula |
C14H16O10
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
344.2708
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| Exact Mass |
344.074
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| CAS # |
17365-11-6
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| Related CAS # |
5-Galloylquinic acid;53584-43-3
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| PubChem CID |
442988
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| Appearance |
Off-white to yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.85g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
754.4ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
283ºC
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| Vapour Pressure |
6.45E-24mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.733
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| LogP |
-1.2
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
7
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
10
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
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| Heavy Atom Count |
24
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| Complexity |
484
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
4
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| SMILES |
C1[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](C[C@@]1(C(=O)O)O)OC(=O)C2=CC(=C(C(=C2)O)O)O)O)O
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| InChi Key |
LDPLFHGGZNSKDS-FTBFGRRBSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C14H16O10/c15-6-1-5(2-7(16)10(6)18)12(20)24-9-4-14(23,13(21)22)3-8(17)11(9)19/h1-2,8-9,11,15-19,23H,3-4H2,(H,21,22)/t8-,9-,11-,14+/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(1S,3R,4R,5R)-1,3,4-trihydroxy-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxycyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.9047 mL | 14.5235 mL | 29.0470 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5809 mL | 2.9047 mL | 5.8094 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2905 mL | 1.4523 mL | 2.9047 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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