| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 500mg |
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| 1g |
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| 2g |
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| 5g |
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| 10g | |||
| 50g | |||
| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
Spermine tetrahydrochloride targets bacterial protoplast membranes, proteins (e.g., RNA helicases), and ionic polymers (e.g., polyphosphazenes), exerting membrane-stabilizing and protein structure-regulating functions through charge interactions. It also binds to and modulates NMDA receptor channels, acting through a specific site on the complex. Spermine serves as a phospholipase C-α inhibitor and phospholipase C-δ activator, and inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS).
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Spermine tetrahydrochloride inhibits primary human embryo lung fibroblasts. It is known to inhibit some bacterial cultures, especially strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Spermine can reversibly inhibit DNA synthetic response, mixed lymphocyte response, and the induction of cytolytic lymphocyte response in primary cultures of murine spleen cells. It is a natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Spermine induces neurotoxicity in the striatum in a dose-dependent manner. It has been studied for its effects on platelet activation and inflammation. As a naturally occurring polyamine, Spermine plays important roles in cellular metabolism and function across eukaryotic organisms. Its in vivo effects are complex and depend on the concentration and tissue context. Detailed in vivo efficacy data for specific therapeutic applications are limited.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays for Spermine tetrahydrochloride typically involve studying its modulation of NMDA receptor channels. Spermine acts through a specific site on the NMDA receptor complex, producing both agonist and antagonist effects depending on the subunit composition. Its inhibition of phospholipase C-α and activation of phospholipase C-δ can also be assessed using enzymatic assays. These assays confirm its mechanism of action as a polyamine modulator of ion channels and enzymes.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for Spermine tetrahydrochloride typically involve treating primary human embryo lung fibroblasts or murine spleen cells with the compound and measuring proliferation, DNA synthesis, or immune responses. Spermine inhibits DNA synthetic response, mixed lymphocyte response, and the induction of cytolytic lymphocyte response in primary cultures of murine spleen cells. It also inhibits primary human embryo lung fibroblasts in vitro. These cell-based studies demonstrate its immunomodulatory and antiproliferative effects.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal models for Spermine tetrahydrochloride typically involve studying its neurotoxic effects in the striatum. Spermine induces neurotoxicity in the striatum in a dose-dependent manner. Animal models may also be used to study its effects on platelet activation and inflammation. However, detailed animal protocol information is limited in the available literature. The compound is primarily used as a research tool for studying polyamine biology.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Spermine tetrahydrochloride is a naturally occurring polyamine that serves as a nitric oxide donor to platelets. It occurs in mammalian tissues, plants, bacteria, ribosomes, and bacteriophage. The compound has a molecular weight of 348.19 and is soluble in water (≥34.8 mg/mL), but insoluble in ethanol and DMSO. It is typically stored at -20°C. Spermine is used in DNA precipitation from low salt aqueous buffers and has been tested for the absence of proteases and nucleases.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Spermine tetrahydrochloride has a favorable safety profile with no reported obvious toxicity-related issues. However, it induces neurotoxicity in the striatum in a dose-dependent manner. As a naturally occurring polyamine, it is generally well-tolerated at physiological concentrations. The compound should be handled with appropriate safety precautions in laboratory settings. It is for research use only and not for human therapeutic use.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Spermine tetrahydrochloride (CAS# 306-67-2) is a naturally occurring polyamine found in all eukaryotes. It functions as a polyamine nitric oxide donor, inhibits platelet activation, and modulates NMDA receptor channels. It also acts as a GluR inhibitor, PLCα inhibitor, and PLCδ activator. The compound is used in DNA precipitation, has been tested for the absence of proteases and nucleases, and is a natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. It is for research use only and not for human therapeutic use.
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| Molecular Formula |
C10H30CL4N4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
348.178
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| Exact Mass |
332.106
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| CAS # |
306-67-2
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| Related CAS # |
Spermine;71-44-3;Spermine-d8 tetrahydrochloride;1173022-85-9
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| PubChem CID |
9384
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.01 g/mL at 20 °C
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| Boiling Point |
308.4ºC at 760mmHg
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| Melting Point |
310-311 °C (dec.)(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
175.6ºC
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| LogP |
5.033
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
8
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
11
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| Heavy Atom Count |
18
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| Complexity |
86.1
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
XLDKUDAXZWHPFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H26N4.4ClH/c11-5-3-9-13-7-1-2-8-14-10-4-6-12/h13-14H,1-12H24*1H
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| Chemical Name |
N,N′-Bis(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-butanediamine tetrahydrochloride
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~50 mg/mL (~143.60 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.8721 mL | 14.3604 mL | 28.7208 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5744 mL | 2.8721 mL | 5.7442 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2872 mL | 1.4360 mL | 2.8721 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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