| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate does not have a specific pharmacological target as it is primarily a laboratory reagent and buffering agent. Its mechanism of action in biological systems involves its role as a chelator and complexing agent for metal ions. The compound's ability to form stable complexes with calcium and magnesium ions makes it useful for removing these ions from solutions, preventing their interference with various processes. In molecular biology applications, it serves as a phosphate donor in enzymatic reactions, participating in phosphorylation events that regulate enzyme activity and cellular signaling pathways. As a buffering agent, it helps maintain stable pH conditions in laboratory experiments. The compound has been used in the preparation of EDTA-sodium pyrophosphate extraction buffer for microcystin analysis in soil samples.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate is used in vitro as a buffering agent and chelator in various biochemical applications. In analytical chemistry, it is utilized for the determination and quantification of metal ions through its ability to form stable complexes. The compound participates in phosphorylation reactions in vitro, facilitating the activation of enzymes and modulation of cellular signaling pathways. It is used in the preparation of extraction buffers for the analysis of microcystins in soil and lake sediments. Studies have also investigated its effects on the physicochemical properties of yogurt gels and the gelling characteristics of myofibrillar protein. The compound's chelating properties are exploited in various assay systems to remove interfering metal ions.
|
| ln Vivo |
Sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate is not used as a therapeutic agent and has no established in vivo pharmacological activity. It is primarily a laboratory reagent used in research applications. The compound has been studied in vivo for its effects on food products, such as its influence on the physicochemical properties of yogurt gels. Research has also examined its mutagenicity in bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) tests. In industrial applications, it functions as a buffering agent, emulsifier, and thickening agent in food products. As a chelator, it can bind metal ions in biological systems, potentially affecting metal-dependent processes, but it is not administered as a drug for therapeutic purposes.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays involving sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate typically utilize the compound as a buffering agent or chelator in reaction mixtures. For enzymatic assays, the compound is dissolved in deionized water at the desired concentration (typically 10-100 mM) and pH is adjusted as needed. In phosphate donor studies, sodium pyrophosphate is added to reaction mixtures containing kinases or other phosphate-transferring enzymes to study phosphorylation events. For metal ion chelation studies, the compound is incubated with metal-containing samples, and the resulting complexes are analyzed spectrophotometrically or by other analytical methods. In extraction protocols, such as for microcystin analysis, sodium pyrophosphate is combined with EDTA in a buffer solution to extract target compounds from soil samples. Typical concentrations range from 1-50 mM depending on the application.
|
| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays using sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate are typically limited to its role as a buffer component in cell culture media rather than as a direct modulator of cellular function. The compound may be added to cell culture media at concentrations of 1-10 mM to provide buffering capacity. For studies involving phosphate metabolism or metal ion homeostasis, sodium pyrophosphate can be used to modulate extracellular phosphate levels or chelate metal ions in the culture medium. In studies of protein phosphorylation, the compound may be added to cell lysates or reaction mixtures to serve as a phosphate donor. Cell viability and proliferation assays may use sodium pyrophosphate-containing buffers for maintaining pH during experimental procedures. The compound's chelating properties can affect metal-dependent cellular processes at higher concentrations.
|
| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments using sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate are not common as the compound is primarily a laboratory reagent. When used in animal studies, it is typically administered as part of a formulated diet or drinking water to study its effects on mineralization or metal ion metabolism. The compound has been studied in the context of food science, where its effects on yogurt gel properties were investigated. Mutagenicity studies have been conducted using bacterial systems rather than animal models. In research involving phosphate metabolism, sodium pyrophosphate may be administered orally or by injection to study its effects on phosphate homeostasis. Dosing would depend on the specific experimental design, but typical oral doses in rodent studies might range from 10-100 mg/kg.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate does not have established pharmacokinetic properties as a drug. When administered orally, it is partially absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and can be hydrolyzed to orthophosphate by intestinal phosphatases. The compound's chelating properties may affect the absorption of divalent metal ions such as calcium and magnesium. In laboratory settings, the compound is highly soluble in water and is typically prepared as stock solutions at concentrations up to 100 mM. For long-term storage, the powder should be kept in a dry place at room temperature. As a food additive, it is generally recognized as safe and is metabolized to phosphate, which is excreted in urine.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate has been evaluated for toxicity in various studies. The Ames test has been used to assess its mutagenicity, with results indicating it is not mutagenic in bacterial systems. The compound is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use as a food additive. Acute oral toxicity is low, with LD50 values in rodents typically >2,000 mg/kg. In industrial settings, standard safety precautions should be followed, including the use of gloves and eye protection. The compound can cause irritation to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract upon contact. Inhalation of dust should be avoided. Chronic exposure may affect calcium and phosphate metabolism due to the compound's chelating properties. The compound is not classified as a carcinogen.
|
| References |
|
| Additional Infomation |
Sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate is the decahydrate of sodium diphosphate. It can be used as a food thickener, food emulsifier, and chelating agent. It contains sodium diphosphate.
Sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate (Na4P2O7·10H2O) is also known as tetrasodium pyrophosphate. It is a decahydrate of sodium diphosphate with a purity of 99% commonly available. The compound has a wide array of applications across various disciplines, including analytical chemistry, industrial processes, molecular biology, and materials science. In analytical chemistry, it is used for metal ion determination. In industry, it serves as a sequestering agent in detergents and textiles. In molecular biology, it acts as a phosphate donor in enzymatic reactions. Research has explored its potential in nanoparticle synthesis and fabrication of functionalized surfaces. The compound is also used in toothpaste and dental floss as a tartar control agent. It is available in various grades including 99% purity. |
| Molecular Formula |
H20NA4O17P2
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
446.0552
|
| Exact Mass |
445.976
|
| CAS # |
13472-36-1
|
| Related CAS # |
7722-88-5 (Parent)
|
| PubChem CID |
3084150
|
| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| Density |
1.82
|
| Boiling Point |
93.8°C
|
| Melting Point |
80°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.447
|
| LogP |
0.298
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
10
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
17
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
23
|
| Complexity |
124
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
P(=O)([O-])([O-])OP(=O)([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].O([H])[H].O([H])[H].O([H])[H].O([H])[H].O([H])[H].O([H])[H].O([H])[H].O([H])[H].O([H])[H].O([H])[H]
|
| InChi Key |
VZWGHDYJGOMEKT-UHFFFAOYSA-J
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/4Na.H4O7P2.10H2O/c;;;;1-8(2,3)7-9(4,5)6;;;;;;;;;;/h;;;;(H2,1,2,3)(H2,4,5,6);10*1H2/q4*+1;;;;;;;;;;;/p-4
|
| Chemical Name |
tetrasodium;phosphonato phosphate;decahydrate
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~33.33 mg/mL (~74.72 mM)
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.2419 mL | 11.2093 mL | 22.4185 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4484 mL | 2.2419 mL | 4.4837 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2242 mL | 1.1209 mL | 2.2419 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
