| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Pediocin PA-1 targets the cell membrane of Gram-positive bacteria. It belongs to the class IIa bacteriocins, which are cationic peptides that bind to the mannose phosphotransferase system (man-PTS) on the bacterial cell surface, acting as a docking molecule. This interaction leads to membrane permeabilization, dissipation of the proton motive force, and cell death. It has a narrow spectrum of activity, primarily affecting Gram-positive bacteria, with potent activity against Listeria monocytogenes.
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| ln Vitro |
Pediocin PA-1 exhibits strong antibacterial activity against several Gram-positive bacterial strains, including the food pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. The purified product has a 44-amino acid sequence with two disulfide bonds. Its mechanism of action involves binding to the mannose phosphotransferase system (man-PTS) on the bacterial cell surface, leading to membrane permeabilization. Specific MIC values are not provided, but it shows a particularly strong activity against Listeria.
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| ln Vivo |
Pediocin PA-1 is not intended for in vivo therapeutic use but has potential applications as a food preservative. It has been produced heterologously in Pichia pastoris and shown activity in pork bologna preservation, reducing Listeria monocytogenes counts in food products. Its stability and activity in food systems have been characterized. No specific in vivo activity in animals has been reported; its use is focused on food safety applications.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Not applicable. Pediocin PA-1 is a peptide and is not used in cell-free enzyme assays. Its activity is evaluated in bacterial growth inhibition assays. For analytical purposes, its purity and identity are confirmed by HPLC and mass spectrometry. The TFA salt form is commonly used for peptide purification and improves solubility.
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| Cell Assay |
The antibacterial activity can be assessed using a standard broth microdilution assay. Procedure: A panel of Gram-positive bacterial strains (e.g., Listeria monocytogenes, Lactobacillus species) is grown overnight. A standardized bacterial suspension (0.5 McFarland) is prepared in Mueller-Hinton broth. Two-fold serial dilutions of Pediocin PA-1 TFA (0.1-100 ug/mL) are prepared in a 96-well plate. Each well is inoculated with 100 uL of bacterial suspension. Plates are incubated at 37degC for 18-24 hours. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is the lowest concentration with no visible growth. The IC50 is calculated from dose-response curves.
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| Animal Protocol |
Pediocin PA-1 TFA is used in food preservation studies. Procedure: Pork bologna slices are inoculated with Listeria monocytogenes at 10⁴ CFU/g. Pediocin PA-1 TFA (produced heterologously) is added to the bologna at concentrations of 0.5-5 ug/g. The samples are vacuum-sealed and stored at 4degC for up to 4 weeks. At weekly intervals, bacterial counts are determined by plating on selective agar. A reduction in Listeria counts compared to untreated controls indicates preservation efficacy. The stability of the peptide in the food matrix is assessed by extraction and HPLC analysis.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Not applicable. Pediocin PA-1 TFA is not a systemic drug and is not administered to animals. For food preservation studies, it is added directly to food products. Pharmacokinetic data is not relevant. The compound is stored as a powder at -20degC, protected from light.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Pediocin PA-1 TFA is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use in food preservation. As a peptide, it is not toxic to humans at the concentrations used for food preservation, as it is degraded in the gastrointestinal tract. Standard safety precautions for handling peptides should be followed. The TFA salt form may be corrosive.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Pediocin PA-1 TFA is a class IIa bacteriocin produced by Pediococcus acidilactici PAC-1.0. It is a 44-amino acid antimicrobial peptide with two disulfide bonds and strong inhibitory activity against Listeria monocytogenes. It acts by binding to the mannose phosphotransferase system (man-PTS) on the bacterial membrane, leading to cell death. It has potential applications as a food preservative and has been produced recombinantly in Pichia pastoris. It is for research and food science use only.
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| Molecular Formula |
C196H293N61O60S5.XC2HF3O2
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| Molecular Weight |
4624.12 (free base)
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| Related CAS # |
Pediocin PA 1
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solids at room temperature
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
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