| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5mg |
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| 10mg | |||
| 25mg | |||
| 50mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Pediocin PA-1 targets the cell membrane of Gram-positive bacteria. It acts by forming pores in the bacterial membrane, leading to disruption of membrane integrity, leakage of cellular contents, and cell death. Its activity is particularly potent against Listeria monocytogenes, a major foodborne pathogen.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Pediocin PA-1 exhibits potent antibacterial activity against a wide range of Gram-positive bacteria, including Listeria monocytogenes. Its minimum inhibitory concentrations against susceptible strains are in the nanomolar range. The compound's bactericidal activity is rapid and concentration-dependent, making it an effective food preservative.
|
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Pediocin PA-1 is used in food systems to inhibit the growth of foodborne pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes. It has been studied for its efficacy in various food matrices, including meat, dairy, and seafood products. The compound is not intended for systemic therapeutic use but rather for topical application in food preservation.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The non-cellular assay for Pediocin PA-1 involves assessing its antibacterial activity against target bacteria in liquid culture or on solid media. Standard methods include agar well diffusion assays, disc diffusion assays, and broth microdilution assays to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). The compound's mechanism of membrane disruption can be studied using liposome-based assays.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for Pediocin PA-1 involve culturing target bacteria (e.g., Listeria monocytogenes) in appropriate growth media. Bacteria are treated with varying concentrations of the bacteriocin, and bacterial growth is monitored by measuring optical density or by colony counting. MIC and MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) values are determined from dose-response curves.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal study protocols for Pediocin PA-1 are not typically performed for therapeutic purposes, as it is used as a food preservative. Efficacy studies are conducted in food matrices rather than in living animals. Safety assessments for food applications follow established regulatory guidelines for food additives and preservatives.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties are not applicable for Pediocin PA-1, as it is not a therapeutic agent administered systemically. The compound is used in food preservation applications. Its stability and activity in food matrices are the primary considerations rather than absorption, distribution, metabolism, or excretion.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for Pediocin PA-1 are not extensively reported. As a bacteriocin from lactic acid bacteria with a history of safe use in food fermentation, it is generally considered safe for its intended use as a food preservative. Standard safety precautions should be observed during handling of the research-grade compound.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Derived from Pediococcus lactis PAC-1.0; a 4.6 kDa peptide composed of 44 amino acids; exhibiting antibacterial activity against a variety of Gram-positive strains; amino acid sequence is available in the first source.
Pediocin PA-1 is a broad-spectrum bacteriocin from lactic acid bacteria with a molecular formula of C196H293N61O60S5 and a molecular weight of approximately 4624. It is particularly active against Listeria monocytogenes and other Gram-positive bacteria. The compound is used as a food biopreservative. It is not a therapeutic drug and has no clinical trial or marketing authorization status for human therapeutic use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C196H293N61O60S5
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
4624.12
|
| Exact Mass |
4623.042
|
| CAS # |
111745-56-3
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| Related CAS # |
Pediocin PA 1 TFA
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| PubChem CID |
56842033
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solids at room temperature
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
68
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
73
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
95
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
322
|
| Complexity |
11300
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
42
|
| SMILES |
S1C[C@@H](C(N[C@H](C(N[C@H](C(N[C@H](C(N[C@H](C(NCC(N[C@@H](C)C(N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](C)C(N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](C)C(N[C@H](C(NCC(NCC(N[C@@H](CC2=CN=CN2)C(N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(NCC(N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(N[C@@H](CC2=CN=CN2)C(N[C@H](C(N[C@H](C(=O)O)CS1)=O)CCCCN)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)[C@@H](C)O)=O)=O)CC1=CNC2C=CC=CC1=2)=O)=O)CCSC)=O)=O)=O)CC(N)=O)=O)CC(N)=O)=O)[C@@H](C)CC)=O)[C@@H](C)CC)=O)NC([C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC([C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC([C@H](C)NC([C@H](CCCCN)NC(CNC([C@H](CC1=CNC2C=CC=CC1=2)NC([C@H](CC(=O)O)NC([C@H](C(C)C)NC([C@H](CO)NC([C@@H]1CSSC[C@@H](C(NCC(N[C@H](C(N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CO)C(N1)=O)=O)CC1=CN=CN1)=O)CCCCN)=O)=O)NC([C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC([C@H](C(C)C)NC(CNC([C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(CNC([C@H](CC1C=CC(=CC=1)O)NC([C@H](CC1C=CC(=CC=1)O)NC([C@H](CCCCN)N)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O
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| InChi Key |
ZRUMXHGBGLWVDT-SJMRFLIKSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C196H293N61O60S5/c1-18-92(7)155-191(311)242-131(66-143(206)270)182(302)241-129(64-141(204)268)170(290)214-75-145(272)223-94(9)161(281)232-120(50-55-318-17)173(293)224-95(10)162(282)235-124(59-105-69-211-115-36-23-21-33-112(105)115)176(296)226-97(12)163(283)254-157(98(13)260)188(308)219-73-144(271)212-74-146(273)229-125(60-106-70-207-87-220-106)178(298)234-119(48-49-139(202)266)166(286)213-78-150(277)231-130(65-142(205)269)181(301)240-126(61-107-71-208-88-221-107)179(299)233-118(39-27-31-54-200)175(295)249-138(196(316)317)86-322-321-85-137(187(307)252-156(93(8)19-2)192(312)253-155)248-194(314)159(100(15)262)257-195(315)160(101(16)263)255-164(284)96(11)225-172(292)116(37-25-29-52-198)227-147(274)76-216-168(288)123(58-104-68-210-114-35-22-20-32-111(104)114)238-183(303)132(67-152(279)280)243-189(309)154(91(5)6)251-185(305)134(82-259)245-186(306)136-84-320-319-83-135(171(291)218-77-148(275)228-117(38-26-30-53-199)174(294)239-127(62-108-72-209-89-222-108)180(300)244-133(81-258)184(304)246-136)247-193(313)158(99(14)261)256-190(310)153(90(3)4)250-151(278)80-217-169(289)128(63-140(203)267)230-149(276)79-215-167(287)121(56-102-40-44-109(264)45-41-102)237-177(297)122(57-103-42-46-110(265)47-43-103)236-165(285)113(201)34-24-28-51-197/h20-23,32-33,35-36,40-47,68-72,87-101,113,116-138,153-160,210-211,258-265H,18-19,24-31,34,37-39,48-67,73-86,197-201H2,1-17H3,(H2,202,266)(H2,203,267)(H2,204,268)(H2,205,269)(H2,206,270)(H,207,220)(H,208,221)(H,209,222)(H,212,271)(H,213,286)(H,214,290)(H,215,287)(H,216,288)(H,217,289)(H,218,291)(H,219,308)(H,223,272)(H,224,293)(H,225,292)(H,226,296)(H,227,274)(H,228,275)(H,229,273)(H,230,276)(H,231,277)(H,232,281)(H,233,299)(H,234,298)(H,235,282)(H,236,285)(H,237,297)(H,238,303)(H,239,294)(H,240,301)(H,241,302)(H,242,311)(H,243,309)(H,244,300)(H,245,306)(H,246,304)(H,247,313)(H,248,314)(H,249,295)(H,250,278)(H,251,305)(H,252,307)(H,253,312)(H,254,283)(H,255,284)(H,256,310)(H,257,315)(H,279,280)(H,316,317)/t92-,93-,94-,95-,96-,97-,98+,99+,100+,101+,113-,116-,117-,118-,119-,120-,121-,122-,123-,124-,125-,126-,127-,128-,129-,130-,131-,132-,133-,134-,135-,136-,137-,138-,153-,154-,155-,156-,157-,158-,159-,160-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(4R,7S,10S,13S,19S,22S,31S,34S,37S,40S,43S,46S,52S,55S,58S,61S,64R)-64-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(4R,7S,10S,13S,19R)-13-(4-aminobutyl)-19-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[2-[[(2S)-4-amino-2-[[2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2,6-diaminohexanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-7-(hydroxymethyl)-10-(1H-imidazol-5-ylmethyl)-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxo-1,2-dithia-5,8,11,14,17-pentazacycloicosane-4-carbonyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-7-(4-aminobutyl)-13,52,55-tris(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-19-(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-58,61-bis[(2S)-butan-2-yl]-31-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-10,22-bis(1H-imidazol-5-ylmethyl)-37-(1H-indol-3-ylmethyl)-34,40,46-trimethyl-43-(2-methylsulfanylethyl)-6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,30,33,36,39,42,45,48,51,54,57,60,63-icosaoxo-1,2-dithia-5,8,11,14,17,20,23,26,29,32,35,38,41,44,47,50,53,56,59,62-icosazacyclopentahexacontane-4-carboxylic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.2163 mL | 1.0813 mL | 2.1626 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.0433 mL | 0.2163 mL | 0.4325 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0216 mL | 0.1081 mL | 0.2163 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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