| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Phosphoglycolic acid lithium targets the glycolytic enzyme phosphoglycerate mutase (PGAM)-B, specifically the isoform B. PGAM catalyzes the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate during glycolysis. By competitively inhibiting PGAM-B, this compound disrupts normal glycolytic flux, leading to the accumulation of upstream metabolites such as glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) in cells.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Phosphoglycolic acid lithium acts as a competitive inhibitor of the glycolytic enzyme phosphoglycerate mutase (PGAM)-B. Treatment with this compound increases both the basal and the fMLF (N-Formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine)-induced levels of glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) in intact neutrophils. This rise in G6P can subsequently enhance the cellular respiratory burst, highlighting its role as a modulator of neutrophil metabolic activity.
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| ln Vivo |
No specific in vivo activity data for Phosphoglycolic acid lithium are reported in the search results. As a competitive inhibitor of PGAM-B, it has potential for in vivo evaluation in models of inflammation, infection, or metabolic disorders where neutrophil function plays a critical role. However, its primary current application is as an in vitro tool for studying glycolysis and neutrophil activation. Oral or intravenous administration would likely be required for in vivo studies, but no such data are currently available.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Phosphoglycolic acid lithium is a substrate analogue that binds to the active site of PGAM-B. The binding assay is typically performed using purified recombinant PGAM-B enzyme. The compound is incubated with the enzyme and the substrate 3-phosphoglycerate, and the conversion to 2-phosphoglycerate is measured. The competitive nature of the inhibition is confirmed by varying substrate concentrations in the presence of fixed inhibitor concentrations and analyzing the resulting kinetics via Lineweaver-Burk plots to show an increased Km without a change in Vmax.
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| Cell Assay |
For cellular assays, primary human neutrophils are isolated from fresh whole blood via density gradient centrifugation. The cells are resuspended in HBSS buffer and pre-incubated with varying concentrations of Phosphoglycolic acid lithium (0.1-10 mM) for 15-30 minutes at 37degC. The cells are then stimulated with fMLF (N-Formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine) for 10-30 minutes. The reaction is terminated by centrifugation, and the cell pellets are lysed. Glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) levels in the lysates are quantified using an enzymatic fluorometric assay kit.
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| Animal Protocol |
No animal experiments for Phosphoglycolic acid lithium are described in the search results. For in vivo evaluation of PGAM-B inhibition, wild-type C57BL/6 mice (6-8 weeks old, male) would be used. Phosphoglycolic acid lithium would be administered via intraperitoneal (IP) or intravenous (IV) injection at doses ranging from 10-100 mg/kg. After 1-6 hours, peripheral blood would be collected, and neutrophils would be isolated. These isolated neutrophils would be stimulated ex vivo with fMLF, and G6P levels and respiratory burst (measured by luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence) would be assessed.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Phosphoglycolic acid lithium (C2H4LiO₆P, MW = 161.96) is a solid powder. The lithium salt form is used to improve solubility compared to the free acid. For storage, the compound should be kept at -20degC sealed and away from moisture. For in vitro use, stock solutions in water (10-100 mM) can be prepared and stored at -20degC for up to 1 month. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. For in vivo use, it can be formulated in sterile saline or PBS. No detailed PK parameters are reported.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
No specific toxicity data for Phosphoglycolic acid lithium are reported in the search results. As a research-grade biochemical, it is not intended for human or veterinary use. Standard laboratory safety precautions for handling chemicals should be followed, including the use of gloves, lab coat, and safety goggles. Lithium salts may be toxic at high doses. No LD50 or formal toxicology studies are available.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Phosphoglycolic acid lithium is a competitive inhibitor of PGAM-B (phosphoglycerate mutase-B). PGAM is a key enzyme in glycolysis, and its inhibition can shift cellular metabolism. This compound is a valuable research tool for studying the metabolic regulation of neutrophil function, particularly the connection between glycolysis and the respiratory burst. It is for research use only and has no clinical applications. Some suppliers offer this compound with high purity (≥98%).
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| Molecular Formula |
C2H5O6P.XLI
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
156.03 (free acid)
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| Appearance |
Solid powder
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ≥ 50 mg/mL
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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