| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| Other Sizes |
Purity: =98.65%
| Targets |
Human Endogenous Metabolite
The molecular targets of sphingosine-1-phosphate are the G protein-coupled S1P receptors (S1P1-5). It acts as an agonist at these receptors. S1P also acts as an activator of GPR3, GPR6, and GPR12. By binding to these receptors, S1P initiates signaling pathways involved in the regulation of various physiological processes, including angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and immune cell trafficking. |
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| ln Vitro |
In HEK293 cells subjected to serum deprivation (1% FCS), S1P (1 μM) significantly increases Ca2+ release [1]. The effects of Suramin on intracellular Ca2+ release via gpr3, gpr6, or gpr12 were not observed in functional Ca2+ experiments. On the other hand, when suramin concentrations varied in transfected HEK293 cells, S1P (1 μM) caused Ca2+ release from gpr3, gpr6, and gpr12 [2]. In the context of a functional Ca2+ test, S1P (3–3000 nM) demonstrates nanomolar EC50 values when Suramin (300 μM) is present for rat gpr3 (EC50=68 nM), gpr6 (EC50=15 nM), and gpr12 (EC50=24 nM), respectively, acting on HEK293 cells [2]. TAg-Jurkat cells expressing S1P2 and S1P3 receptors (EC 50s=8 and 11 nM) can be stimulated by Gi proteins at a concentration of 200 nM, and S1P enhances the expression of S1P1 and Gqi5 [3].
Sphingosine-1-phosphate has been shown to have various in vitro activities. It dynamically regulates myosin light chain phosphatase activity in human endothelial cells. It acts as a vasodilator agent and a signaling molecule. It also acts as a T-cell proliferation inhibitor. In vitro studies typically involve treating cells with S1P and measuring its effects on cell proliferation, motility, and calcium mobilization. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, sphingosine-1-phosphate plays a critical role in the regulation of angiogenesis, vascular stability and permeability, and T- and B-cell trafficking. It acts as a signaling molecule by binding to S1P receptors. It is involved in the control of cell proliferation and motility. S1P is also a mouse metabolite. Its role in immune cell trafficking makes it a target for immunomodulatory therapies.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro receptor binding assays for sphingosine-1-phosphate typically involve studying its interaction with S1P receptors (S1P1-5). Radioligand binding assays using labeled S1P can be used to measure the binding affinity of the compound for these receptors. Functional assays, such as calcium mobilization assays or cAMP accumulation assays, can be used to evaluate the agonist activity of S1P at these receptors.
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| Cell Assay |
Sphingosine-1-phosphate is used in cell-based assays to study its effects on various cellular processes. Cells are treated with S1P, and its effects on cell proliferation, motility, and calcium mobilization are measured. It is also used to study the signaling pathways activated by S1P receptors, including the regulation of angiogenesis and immune cell trafficking.
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| Animal Protocol |
Sphingosine-1-phosphate is used in in vivo studies to investigate its role in various physiological and pathological processes. Animal models are used to study the role of S1P in angiogenesis, vascular stability, and immune cell trafficking. The compound may be administered to animals to study its effects on these processes. However, due to its rapid metabolism, stable analogs of S1P are often used in vivo.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Sphingosine-1-phosphate has a molecular formula of C18H38NO5P and a molecular weight of 379.47. The CAS number is 26993-30-6. It is typically supplied as a solution (e.g., 10 mM in aqueous solution) and can be diluted to a working concentration of 1 μM. The compound should be stored according to the manufacturer's recommendations.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of sphingosine-1-phosphate is not extensively characterized, as it is an endogenous signaling molecule. At physiological levels, it is essential for normal cellular function. However, dysregulation of S1P signaling has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer and inflammatory disorders. The compound is intended for research use only.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Sphingosine-1-phosphate is a phosphatidylsphingolipid composed of a sphingosine molecule with a phosphate group attached to the 1-position. It has multiple functions, including vasodilator, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist, signaling molecule, T-cell proliferation inhibitor, and mouse metabolite. Functionally, it is related to sphingosine. It is the conjugate acid of sphingosine-1-phosphate (1-). Sphingosine-1-phosphate has been reported to exist in humans and common bean, with relevant data available. Sphingosine-1-phosphate is a bioactive sphingolipid composed of a sphingosine molecule and a phosphate group attached to the 1-carbon atom. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) binds to the G protein-coupled S1P receptor (S1PR) and initiates signaling pathways involved in angiogenesis, skin cell proliferation, vascular stability and permeability, and the regulation of T-cell and B-cell migration.
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) (CAS 26993-30-6) is an endogenous second messenger involved in the control of cell proliferation and motility, and Ca2+ mobilization. It acts as an agonist at S1P1-5 receptors and as an activator of GPR3, GPR6, and GPR12. It is involved in the regulation of angiogenesis, vascular stability, and T- and B-cell trafficking. |
| Molecular Formula |
C18H38NO5P
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
379.47
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| Exact Mass |
379.248
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| CAS # |
26993-30-6
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| Related CAS # |
Sphingosine-1-phosphate-d7;2260670-15-1
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| PubChem CID |
5283560
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.1±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
548.8±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
190ºC
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| Flash Point |
285.7±32.9 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±3.3 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.501
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| LogP |
5.46
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
17
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| Heavy Atom Count |
25
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| Complexity |
373
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
2
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| SMILES |
CCCCCCCCCCCCC/C=C/[C@H]([C@H](COP(=O)(O)O)N)O
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| InChi Key |
DUYSYHSSBDVJSM-KRWOKUGFSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C18H38NO5P/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-18(20)17(19)16-24-25(21,22)23/h14-15,17-18,20H,2-13,16,19H2,1H3,(H2,21,22,23)/b15-14+/t17-,18+/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
[(E,2S,3R)-2-amino-3-hydroxyoctadec-4-enyl] dihydrogen phosphate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
1M NaOH :~50 mg/mL (~131.76 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.6353 mL | 13.1763 mL | 26.3525 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5271 mL | 2.6353 mL | 5.2705 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2635 mL | 1.3176 mL | 2.6353 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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