| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
nAChR (nicotinic acetylcholine receptors), mAChR (muscarinic acetylcholine receptors)
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as tracers for quantification throughout the drug development process. Due to its potential to alter the pharmacokinetic and metabolic characteristics of medications, deuteration has drawn attention[1].
As an isotopically labeled compound, this product is used as an internal standard for the quantification of acetylcholine. The stable heavy isotopes of hydrogen incorporated into the molecule do not significantly alter its biological activity but allow for its distinct mass spectrometric detection. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, this compound is expected to behave similarly to endogenous acetylcholine, activating cholinergic receptors. However, its primary use in research is as a tracer for quantifying acetylcholine levels in biological samples. The substitution with deuterium can sometimes alter the pharmacokinetic and metabolic profiles of a drug.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In a receptor binding experiment, increasing concentrations of acetylcholine-d13 bromide are incubated with membrane preparations expressing a specific type of nicotinic or muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. The sample is also spiked with a known amount of an internal standard (e.g., acetylcholine-d4). After equilibrium, the bound and free ligand are separated by vacuum filtration. The receptors are then digested, and the sample is injected into an LC-MS/MS. The ratio of the deuterated ligand to the internal standard is used to calculate the binding parameters.
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| Cell Assay |
For cell-based experiments, cells expressing cholinergic receptors are first treated with drugs to modulate neurotransmitter release. The culture supernatant is collected, and a known amount of acetylcholine-d13 bromide is added as an internal standard. The mixture is then processed for LC-MS/MS analysis to quantify the concentration of endogenous acetylcholine released from the cells.
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| Animal Protocol |
In a typical in vivo experiment, an animal is administered a test compound that may affect the cholinergic system. Blood or brain tissue samples are collected at specific time points. The samples are spiked with a known amount of acetylcholine-d13 bromide. The analyte is extracted using a liquid-liquid or solid-phase extraction method. The processed samples are then injected into an LC-MS/MS system, and the concentration of the analyte is determined by comparing its peak area to that of the internal standard.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The pharmacokinetics of the labeled compound can be studied by administering it to an animal model. Blood samples are collected at various times post-dose. The plasma is separated and processed for LC-MS/MS analysis. The concentration of acetylcholine-d13 bromide in the plasma is used to calculate standard PK parameters. The purpose of such a study is often to determine the absorption, distribution, and clearance of the deuterated form.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
There are no specific toxicology studies for this research reagent. The non-deuterated form, acetylcholine bromide, is an endogenous neurotransmitter with a known safety profile in the context of normal physiology. At high concentrations, it can cause cholinergic crisis. This product is for laboratory research only and is not for human use.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Stable isotope-labeled compounds are essential for accurate and sensitive quantitative analysis by mass spectrometry. Deuterium substitution is a common practice in pharmaceutical development to modify the drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic (DMPK) properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients. This product is exclusively a research tool.
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| Molecular Formula |
C7H3D13BRNO2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
239.19
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| Related CAS # |
Acetylcholine bromide;66-23-9
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.1808 mL | 20.9039 mL | 41.8078 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8362 mL | 4.1808 mL | 8.3616 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4181 mL | 2.0904 mL | 4.1808 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
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