| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 50mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Melanocortin 2 receptor (MC2R) primarily. Also interacts with other melanocortin receptors (MC1R, MC3R, MC4R, MC5R) in various tissues.
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| ln Vitro |
ACTH binds to the MC2R on adrenal cortical cells, stimulating a Gs protein-coupled signaling cascade. This increases intracellular cAMP, leading to activation of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and enzymes like CYP11A1, ultimately resulting in increased cortisol synthesis and secretion.
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| ln Vivo |
ACTH is the primary stimulator of glucocorticoid release from the adrenal glands in vivo. It is essential for the stress response, regulating metabolism, immune function, and blood pressure. It also has melanotropic activity, stimulating pigmentation in melanocytes.
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| Enzyme Assay |
A classic radioreceptor assay is performed using adrenal cortical membranes. The membranes are incubated with [125I]-ACTH and varying concentrations of unlabeled ACTH TFA. Bound ligand is separated by centrifugation or filtration, and radioactivity is measured to determine binding affinity (Ki).
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| Cell Assay |
Primary human adrenal cortical cells are isolated and cultured in 24-well plates. The cells are treated with various concentrations of ACTH TFA for 2-4 hours. The culture medium is collected, and the concentration of cortisol is measured by a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or radioimmunoassay (RIA).
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| Animal Protocol |
Male Sprague-Dawley rats are injected intraperitoneally (IP) or subcutaneously (SC) with ACTH TFA (e.g., 0.1-1 IU/kg). Blood samples are collected at 0, 30, 60, 120 minutes post-injection via tail vein. Plasma corticosterone (the primary glucocorticoid in rats) is measured by ELISA to assess the HPA axis response.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
ACTH has a very short plasma half-life in humans, approximately 10-20 minutes. It is rapidly cleared by the kidneys and degraded by proteases in the blood and tissues. This rapid clearance necessitates frequent dosing or continuous infusion to maintain therapeutic levels in research settings.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Long-term exposure to supraphysiological levels of ACTH can lead to Cushing's syndrome, characterized by hypercortisolism. This results in symptoms such as weight gain, central obesity, moon face, skin atrophy, osteoporosis, and immunosuppression. Synthetic ACTH is used clinically as a diagnostic agent for adrenal insufficiency.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
ACTH is also known as corticotropin. It is derived from pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), a larger precursor peptide. Clinically, synthetic ACTH (cosyntropin) is used in the ACTH stimulation test to diagnose adrenal insufficiency and is also used as a therapeutic agent in certain conditions like infantile spasms (West syndrome) and multiple sclerosis. This product is a research-grade peptide and not for human use.
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| Related CAS # |
Adrenocorticotropic hormone;9002-60-2
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O :~50 mg/mL
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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