| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg | |||
| 10mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
CD4 (cluster of differentiation 4), a co-receptor on T helper cells that assists the T cell receptor (TCR) in recognizing antigens presented by MHC class II molecules. YTS 191 binds specifically to the mouse CD4 molecule and has been shown to compete with clones GK1.5 and YTS 177 for CD4 binding.
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| ln Vitro |
YTS 191 binds specifically to CD4-expressing cells (e.g., mouse splenic CD4+ T cells). Binding can be detected by flow cytometry or immunohistochemistry. The antibody does not directly block CD4 function but targets the cell for depletion via complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) or antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in vivo.
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| ln Vivo |
Administration of YTS 191 in mice results in depletion of CD4+ T cells from peripheral blood, spleen, and lymph nodes. Typical depletion efficiency is >90% following intraperitoneal or intravenous injection (100-500 ug per mouse). Depleted mice are used to study the role of CD4+ T cells in autoimmune diseases, infection, transplantation, and tumor immunity.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Not applicable. Binding specificity can be confirmed using recombinant mouse CD4 protein in ELISA. The plate is coated with recombinant mouse CD4, YTS 191 antibody is added, and binding is detected using a labeled anti-rat secondary antibody and colorimetric detection. Alternatively, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) can be used to measure binding affinity.
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| Cell Assay |
Flow cytometry: Mouse splenocytes or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are stained with YTS 191 antibody (directly conjugated to a fluorophore or using an unconjugated primary plus a labeled anti-rat secondary antibody). CD4+ cells are identified and quantified on a flow cytometer. The antibody can be used for immunohistochemistry (IHC) on frozen tissue sections.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo depletion: Mice are injected intraperitoneally or intravenously with YTS 191 antibody. Dosing typically ranges from 100-500 ug per mouse, administered once or twice weekly to maintain depletion. Depletion of CD4+ T cells is confirmed by flow cytometry of blood or spleen samples 24-72 hours after the first injection. Disease endpoints are then evaluated.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
No detailed PK data for YTS 191. As a rat IgG2b antibody, its half-life in mice is approximately 5-10 days. Depletion of CD4+ T cells is rapid (within 24-48 hours) and can be sustained for 1-2 weeks with a single dose, depending on the dose and rate of T cell regeneration.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
No detailed toxicity data. At depletion doses (100-500 ug/mouse), YTS 191 is generally well-tolerated. On-target effects include immunosuppression (loss of CD4+ T helper cells), which may increase susceptibility to infections. Mice should be maintained in specific pathogen-free conditions. Standard handling precautions for antibodies apply.
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| Additional Infomation |
YTS 191 is a widely used CD4 depletion antibody in mouse models of autoimmune diseases such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), colitis, and transplant rejection. It recognizes an epitope on mouse CD4 and competes with the GK1.5 clone. Not for human use; strictly for research.
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| Appearance |
Colorless to light yellow liquid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
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