| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Choline Chloride-13C3 functions primarily as a precursor for the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. It is an acyl group acceptor and a substrate for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). It does not directly bind to a specific receptor but is essential for neuronal function and lipid metabolism.
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as tracers for quantification throughout the drug development process. Due to its potential to alter the pharmacokinetic and metabolic characteristics of medications, deuteration has drawn attention[1].
In vitro, choline chloride (0 or 70 uM, 4 days) is beneficial for cell survival and preserving cell viability. As a labeled compound, Choline Chloride-13C3 is used as a tracer in metabolic studies to quantify choline uptake and its conversion to acetylcholine and other metabolites in cultured cells. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Choline Chloride-13C3 is used as a tracer to study choline metabolism. In animal models, it is administered (e.g., subcutaneous injection at 0.2 and 100 mg/kg/h for 24 or 48 hours) to track its incorporation into phospholipids and acetylcholine. It can also be used in feed additives to study growth.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For in vitro enzyme-binding assays, Choline Chloride-13C3 is used as a labeled substrate for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) to measure enzyme activity. The assay involves incubating ChAT with the labeled choline and acetyl-CoA, then quantifying the resulting labeled acetylcholine by LC-MS/MS.
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| Cell Assay |
For cell-based assays, cells are incubated with Choline Chloride-13C3 (e.g., 0-100 uM for 24-48 hours) in culture medium. The cells are then lysed, and the labeled compound and its metabolites (e.g., acetylcholine) are extracted and analyzed by LC-MS/MS to measure uptake and metabolic conversion.
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| Animal Protocol |
For animal studies, Choline Chloride-13C3 is administered to rodents (e.g., intraperitoneally or subcutaneously at doses of 0.2-100 mg/kg/h). At various time points post-administration, tissues such as brain, liver, and plasma are collected. The labeled compound and its metabolites are quantified by LC-MS/MS.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Choline Chloride-13C3 has a molecular weight of 142.60 Da (for the 13C3 labeled version). The incorporation of stable isotopes does not significantly alter its pharmacokinetic properties compared to unlabeled choline. It is rapidly absorbed and distributed, crossing the blood-brain barrier via specific transporters.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Choline Chloride-13C3 is a stable isotope-labeled nutrient and is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for research purposes. At standard tracer doses, it is non-toxic. High doses may be associated with gastrointestinal disturbances and a fishy body odor. It is for research use only.
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| References |
[1]. Russak EM, et al. Impact of Deuterium Substitution on the Pharmacokinetics of Pharmaceuticals. Ann Pharmacother. 2019;53(2):211-216.
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| Additional Infomation |
Choline Chloride-13C3 (CAS: 285979-70-6) is a research-grade reference standard. Its molecular formula is C213C3H14ClNO, with a purity of ≥98% and isotopic enrichment of ≥98 atom% 13C. It is stored as a powder at -20degC, protected from light. The compound is soluble in water and DMSO.
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| Molecular Formula |
C213C3H14CLNO
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
142.60
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| Related CAS # |
Choline chloride;67-48-1
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 7.0126 mL | 35.0631 mL | 70.1262 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.4025 mL | 7.0126 mL | 14.0252 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.7013 mL | 3.5063 mL | 7.0126 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
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