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| Targets |
3,4-Dihydro-3-oxo-4-β-D-ribofuranosyl-2-pyrazinecarboxamide targets nucleotide metabolism and DNA synthesis pathways. As a nucleoside analog, it mimics the structure of natural nucleosides and can be incorporated into DNA or interfere with nucleotide metabolism. The anticancer mechanism depends on the inhibition of DNA synthesis and the induction of apoptosis (programmed cell death).
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, 3,4-Dihydro-3-oxo-4-β-D-ribofuranosyl-2-pyrazinecarboxamide functions as a nucleoside analog that can interfere with cellular metabolism. As a purine nucleoside analog, it exhibits broad-spectrum anticancer effects. The compound's activity as a nucleoside analog allows it to be incorporated into nucleic acids or to interfere with nucleotide metabolism, potentially leading to inhibition of cell proliferation in cancer cells.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo activity data for 3,4-Dihydro-3-oxo-4-β-D-ribofuranosyl-2-pyrazinecarboxamide are limited. As a purine nucleoside analog with broad-spectrum anticancer activity, the compound may have potential for in vivo studies in animal models of cancer. Typical in vivo studies for nucleoside analogs involve administration to tumor-bearing mouse models, with assessment of tumor growth inhibition and survival.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For non-cellular in vitro assays, 3,4-Dihydro-3-oxo-4-β-D-ribofuranosyl-2-pyrazinecarboxamide is evaluated for its interactions with enzymes involved in nucleotide metabolism. The compound may be tested as a substrate or inhibitor of nucleoside kinases, polymerases, or other enzymes. Enzyme inhibition or incorporation assays may be performed to characterize its mechanism of action.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cellular assays, 3,4-Dihydro-3-oxo-4-β-D-ribofuranosyl-2-pyrazinecarboxamide is tested in cancer cell lines to assess its antiproliferative effects. Cells are treated with serial dilutions of the compound, and cell viability and proliferation are measured using standard assays. The compound's effects on DNA synthesis, cell cycle progression, and induction of apoptosis are evaluated.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal studies, 3,4-Dihydro-3-oxo-4-β-D-ribofuranosyl-2-pyrazinecarboxamide would typically be evaluated in xenograft mouse models of cancer. Mice bearing established tumors are treated with the compound via oral or intraperitoneal administration. Tumor volumes are measured regularly, and tumor growth inhibition is calculated. Body weight and general health are monitored to evaluate tolerability.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for 3,4-Dihydro-3-oxo-4-β-D-ribofuranosyl-2-pyrazinecarboxamide are limited. As a nucleoside analog with a molecular weight of 271.23, it is expected to have moderate oral bioavailability and may be transported into cells via nucleoside transporters. The compound is sparingly soluble in water (21 g/L at 25°C). Further pharmacokinetic studies would be needed to determine its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion profile.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for 3,4-Dihydro-3-oxo-4-β-D-ribofuranosyl-2-pyrazinecarboxamide are limited. As a nucleoside analog, it may have dose-dependent toxicities affecting rapidly dividing cells including bone marrow progenitors and gastrointestinal epithelial cells. Comprehensive toxicology studies would be required for therapeutic development. The compound is for research use only and not for human use.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Antiviral agent; structure as described in the first source.
3,4-Dihydro-3-oxo-4-β-D-ribofuranosyl-2-pyrazinecarboxamide (T 1106) is a purine nucleoside analog with a molecular formula of C₁₀H₁₃N₃O₆ and a molecular weight of 271.23. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad-spectrum anticancer effects targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. The anticancer mechanism depends on the inhibition of DNA synthesis and the induction of apoptosis. The compound is a nucleoside analog containing a sugar group and a pyrazine carboxamide structure. |
| Molecular Formula |
C10H13N3O6
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| Molecular Weight |
271.23
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| Exact Mass |
271.08
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| CAS # |
356782-84-8
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| PubChem CID |
5271819
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| LogP |
-2.2
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
7
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
19
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| Complexity |
462
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
4
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| SMILES |
C1=CN(C(=O)C(=N1)C(=O)N)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)CO)O)O
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| InChi Key |
XVXWUBIIHFDOJO-KQYNXXCUSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H13N3O6/c11-8(17)5-9(18)13(2-1-12-5)10-7(16)6(15)4(3-14)19-10/h1-2,4,6-7,10,14-16H,3H2,(H2,11,17)/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
4-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-3-oxopyrazine-2-carboxamide
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.6869 mL | 18.4345 mL | 36.8691 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7374 mL | 3.6869 mL | 7.3738 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3687 mL | 1.8435 mL | 3.6869 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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