| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Vasopressin V1a receptor (AVPR1A). SKF 100398 is a selective antagonist of the V1a receptor subtype, with a higher affinity for V1a over V2 and oxytocin receptors. Its mechanism of action is competitive, blocking the binding of the endogenous peptide arginine-vasopressin (AVP).
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| ln Vitro |
SKF 100398 is a potent antagonist of the V1a receptor, which mediates vasoconstriction and glycogenolysis. In isolated vascular tissue preparations, it effectively blocks AVP-induced contraction, confirming its functional antagonism. It has significantly lower affinity for the V2 receptor (involved in water reabsorption) and the oxytocin receptor, providing selectivity.
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| ln Vivo |
An selective antagonist of both endogenous and exogenous AVP's hydrosmotic action is SKF 100398[1]. One can eliminate the antidiuretic action of AVP with SKF 100398 (8 μg/kg; iv)[1].
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| Enzyme Assay |
A cell-free radioligand binding assay is performed using membrane preparations from tissues or cells expressing the V1a receptor (e.g., rat liver membranes). The membranes are incubated with a radiolabeled V1a antagonist (e.g., [3H]SKF 100398) or agonist ([3H]AVP) and varying concentrations of unlabeled SKF 100398. Bound and free ligand are separated by filtration to calculate the Ki.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro functional assays, isolated rat aortic rings are mounted in organ baths. The rings are pre-contracted with AVP, and then cumulative concentrations of SKF 100398 are added to the bath. The relaxation (antagonism of contraction) is measured isometrically. The concentration required to produce a 50% reversal of the AVP-induced contraction is calculated.
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| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Male SD (Sprague-Dawley) rats (250- 300 g)[1]
Doses: 8 μg/kg Route of Administration: intravenous (iv) injection Experimental Results: Completely blocked the antidiuretic effect of exogenous AVP (4 ng/kg body wt iv). In vivo studies are performed in anesthetized rats. SKF 100398 is administered via an intravenous (i.v.) bolus or continuous infusion. Blood pressure is monitored via an arterial catheter. The ability of the compound to block the pressor response (increase in blood pressure) elicited by a subsequent i.v. injection of AVP is assessed, providing a measure of in vivo V1a receptor antagonism. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Not reported. As a peptide antagonist, SKF 100398 is susceptible to proteolytic degradation in plasma, resulting in a short half-life (minutes). It is therefore typically administered via continuous intravenous infusion to maintain stable plasma levels in experimental settings.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Not reported. As a research peptide not intended for clinical use, formal toxicology data is unavailable. Since V1a receptors are involved in blood pressure regulation and vascular tone, high doses could lead to hypotension or interfere with normal cardiovascular reflexes.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
See also: ...View more...
SKF 100398 was developed in the 1980s and played a pivotal role in characterizing the vasopressin receptor family. Before its development, distinguishing between the pressor (V1a) and antidiuretic (V2) effects of vasopressin was difficult. This antagonist allowed researchers to specifically block V1a-mediated effects, leading to a better understanding of vasopressin's role in hypertension, heart failure, and other cardiovascular diseases. |
| Molecular Formula |
C53H77N13O11S2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
1136.39
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| Exact Mass |
1135.53
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| CAS # |
77453-01-1
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| PubChem CID |
9963507
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.44g/cm3
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| Index of Refraction |
1.676
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| LogP |
4.609
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
11
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
14
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
19
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
79
|
| Complexity |
2150
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
7
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| SMILES |
CCOC1=CC=C(C=C1)C[C@H]2C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC3(CCCCC3)CC(=O)N2)C(=O)N4CCC[C@H]4C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N)CC(=O)N)C(C)C)CC5=CC=CC=C5
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| InChi Key |
SDFJYGJKEXYVCG-ZZTMPEIHSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C53H77N13O11S2/c1-4-77-34-19-17-33(18-20-34)26-36-46(71)62-37(25-32-13-7-5-8-14-32)48(73)65-44(31(2)3)50(75)63-38(27-41(54)67)47(72)64-39(30-78-79-53(28-43(69)60-36)21-9-6-10-22-53)51(76)66-24-12-16-40(66)49(74)61-35(15-11-23-58-52(56)57)45(70)59-29-42(55)68/h5,7-8,13-14,17-20,31,35-40,44H,4,6,9-12,15-16,21-30H2,1-3H3,(H2,54,67)(H2,55,68)(H,59,70)(H,60,69)(H,61,74)(H,62,71)(H,63,75)(H,64,72)(H,65,73)(H4,56,57,58)/t35-,36-,37-,38-,39-,40-,44-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-N-[(2S)-1-[(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-1-oxopentan-2-yl]-1-[(10R,13S,16S,19S,22S)-13-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-19-benzyl-22-[(4-ethoxyphenyl)methyl]-12,15,18,21,24-pentaoxo-16-propan-2-yl-7,8-dithia-11,14,17,20,23-pentazaspiro[5.19]pentacosane-10-carbonyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.8800 mL | 4.3999 mL | 8.7998 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.1760 mL | 0.8800 mL | 1.7600 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0880 mL | 0.4400 mL | 0.8800 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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