| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 500mg |
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| 1g |
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| 5g |
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| 10g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
4-Methylumbelliferyl β-D-Glucopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate for β-glucosidase[1].
beta-Glucosidase / beta-Glucocerebrosidase (GCase) |
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
4-Methylumbelliferyl beta-D-Glucopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate used in the GCase activity assay. The catalytic hydrolysis of the substrate by beta-glucosidase or GCase releases the highly fluorescent 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU, excitation ~360 nm, emission ~450 nm). The compound is not an inhibitor but a substrate; it has "no activity" in terms of pharmacological effect but is a tool for measuring enzyme activity.
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| ln Vivo |
No in vivo activity; 4-MUG is not used as a therapeutic agent. It is a diagnostic research tool to measure GCase activity in patient samples (e.g., dried blood spots, leukocytes, fibroblasts) for the diagnosis of Gaucher disease. It is also used to assess the efficacy of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) or pharmacological chaperones for Gaucher disease.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The assay is performed using recombinant human GCase or lysates from cells/tissues. The reaction mixture contains 4-MUG (0.1-5 mM) in citrate-phosphate buffer (pH 5.2-5.5) with sodium taurocholate (as an activator). The reaction is initiated by adding the enzyme sample. After incubation at 37degC for 15-60 minutes, the reaction is stopped by adding glycine-NaOH buffer (pH 10.5). The fluorescence of released 4-MU is measured using a fluorescence plate reader (excitation 355-365 nm, emission 445-460 nm). A standard curve of 4-MU is used for quantification. Enzyme activity is expressed as nmol/h/mg protein.
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| Cell Assay |
Human fibroblasts or leukocytes isolated from Gaucher disease patients or healthy controls are cultured or lysed. Cells are lysed in a buffer containing 0.25% sodium taurocholate. The lysate is centrifuged, and the supernatant is used for the enzyme assay. The reaction mixture contains 4-MUG (2-5 mM) in citrate-phosphate buffer (pH 5.2) with 0.25% sodium taurocholate. The reaction is incubated at 37degC for 1-4 hours. The reaction is stopped with glycine-NaOH, and fluorescence is read. GCase activity is compared between patient and control cells. Inhibitors (e.g., conduritol B epoxide) can be used to confirm specificity.
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| Animal Protocol |
No in vivo animal study for 4-MUG. In vivo, the compound is used as a probe to measure GCase activity in tissues. For example, in mouse models of Gaucher disease, 4-MUG can be injected intravenously or intrathecally, and the accumulation of fluorescent 4-MU in tissues can be measured ex vivo. Alternatively, tissue homogenates (liver, spleen, brain) can be assayed ex vivo using 4-MUG to assess residual GCase activity and evaluate the efficacy of experimental therapies (e.g., gene therapy, pharmacological chaperones).
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
4-MUG is not a drug; it is a diagnostic reagent. It is not administered systemically in a pharmacokinetic study. In vivo, it would be rapidly cleared and metabolized. The compound itself is not intended for therapeutic use. Its stability in solution is typically assessed at 4degC or -20degC. The half-life in biological fluids is not relevant for its use as a substrate in ex vivo assays.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
4-MUG is non-toxic at the concentrations used in enzyme assays (1-5 mM). It is classified as a laboratory reagent, not a drug. Safety data: avoid inhalation, skin contact, and ingestion. For research use only. No significant environmental toxicity reported.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
4-Methylumbelliferone β-D-glucoside is a β-D-glucoside with a 4-methylumbelliferone substituent at the terminal carbon atom. It is a chromogenic compound. It belongs to the coumarin class of compounds and is a monosaccharide derivative and β-D-glucoside. Its function is related to 4-methylumbelliferone.
4-Methylumbelliferyl beta-D-Glucopyranoside (CAS: 18997-57-4) is a fluorogenic substrate widely used in biochemistry and clinical diagnostics. It is a standard substrate for measuring beta-glucocerebrosidase (GCase) activity in the diagnosis of Gaucher disease (OMIM 230800) and for monitoring enzyme replacement therapy. It is also used for alpha-glucosidase assays in Pompe disease research. The product is supplied as a white powder, soluble in DMSO or water. Molecular formula: C16H18O8, MW 338.31. For research use only, not for human therapeutic use. Synonyms: 4-MUG, 4-MU-GLU, 4MU-beta-D-glucopyranoside. References: Laboratory protocols for lysosomal enzyme assays. |
| Molecular Formula |
C16H18O8
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
338.31
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| Exact Mass |
338.1
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| CAS # |
18997-57-4
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| PubChem CID |
2733779
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.5±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
626.9±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
258-263ºC (dec.)
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| Flash Point |
233.9±25.0 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.9 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.641
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| LogP |
-0.46
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
8
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
24
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| Complexity |
506
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
5
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| SMILES |
CC1=CC(=O)OC2=C1C=CC(=C2)O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O3)CO)O)O)O
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| InChi Key |
YUDPTGPSBJVHCN-YMILTQATSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C16H18O8/c1-7-4-12(18)23-10-5-8(2-3-9(7)10)22-16-15(21)14(20)13(19)11(6-17)24-16/h2-5,11,13-17,19-21H,6H2,1H3/t11-,13-,14+,15-,16-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
4-methyl-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-2-one
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 100 mg/mL (295.59 mM)
DMF: 50 mg/mL (147.79 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.9559 mL | 14.7793 mL | 29.5587 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5912 mL | 2.9559 mL | 5.9117 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2956 mL | 1.4779 mL | 2.9559 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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