| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
CYPMPO acts as a spin-trapping reagent that reacts with free radicals to form stable radical adducts detectable by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. It has a larger reaction rate constant with superoxide anion than DMPO, another commonly used spin trap, and the superoxide adduct of CYPMPO is more stable. The compound shows a preference for trapping superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, forming stable adducts that can be clearly separated and identified in ESR spectra.
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| ln Vitro |
DMPO is frequently employed as a spin trapping agent to find radicals with an oxygen center. When it comes to the superoxide anion, CYPMPO has a higher reaction rate constant than DMPO, and its superoxide adduct is also more stable. CYPMPO functions as a spin-trap agent at 2.5 mM [2]. When used with mitochondria, CYPMPO, a spin-trap and cyclic DEPMPO-like nitrone trap, may reveal new information about free radicals. When used at the concentrations needed for radical detection, CYPMPO has the advantageous property of posing little risk to mitochondria [3].
CYPMPO exhibits excellent trapping capabilities toward hydroxyl and superoxide radicals in biological and chemical systems. In vitro studies using ESR spin trapping have shown that CYPMPO effectively traps hydroxyl radicals generated by illuminating a phosphate buffer solution containing H2O2 with an Hg-Xe arc lamp. The ESR adduct signal is sensitive and very stable, allowing accurate quantification of radical species. CYPMPO demonstrates lower toxicity and superior trapping performance compared to other spin traps. It can effectively distinguish between different types of ROS generated during metabolic processes. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies using ESR spectroscopy with CYPMPO as a spin trap have been conducted to investigate free radical production in biological systems, such as in mouse feces to assess gut health and oxidative stress. The compound's ability to form stable adducts with reactive oxygen species (ROS) allows researchers to monitor oxidative stress levels and radical production profiles in animal models. CYPMPO has also been used to evaluate how drugs modulate oxidative stress responses, providing insights into their therapeutic mechanisms. Its low toxicity and effectiveness make it suitable for in vivo oxidative stress research.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For ESR spin trapping: Prepare test sample solutions in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). Add CYPMPO to a final concentration of 10 mM and H2O2 (1 mM) for hydroxyl radical studies. For superoxide generation, use a suitable system such as hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase. Transfer the reaction mixture to a quartz ESR flat cell or capillary tube. Record ESR spectra using an ESR spectrometer with settings: microwave power ~10 mW, modulation amplitude 0.1 mT, sweep width 10 mT, time constant 0.1 s. Identify radical adducts by characteristic hyperfine splitting patterns. Quantify radical trapping by measuring signal amplitude or integrated peak area.
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| Cell Assay |
For cellular ROS detection: Seed cells (e.g., neutrophils or macrophages) in culture plates and pre-incubate with or without CYPMPO (1-10 mM) for 15-30 minutes. Stimulate ROS production using an appropriate activator such as PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) or LPS. After stimulation, transfer cells to ESR flat cells and record spectra. For quantitative analysis, cells may be lysed before measurement. Adduct formation is monitored over time to assess radical trapping efficacy. The stability of CYPMPO radical adducts enables longer observation windows compared to conventional spin traps.
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| Animal Protocol |
Animal models (e.g., mice) are administered test compounds orally or intraperitoneally. Fecal samples are collected, homogenized in buffer, and incubated with CYPMPO (10-50 mM) for 10-30 minutes. ESR spectra are recorded to detect radical adducts. Alternatively, blood or tissue samples can be processed similarly. This approach is used to study the effects of drugs or dietary interventions on in vivo oxidative stress levels and radical production profiles. Doses and treatment durations vary depending on the specific research question and model system.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
CYPMPO is soluble in water and various organic solvents, with ≥97% purity for ESR-spectroscopy grade. The compound should be stored at -20degC to maintain stability. It has improved water solubility compared to earlier spin traps, facilitating use in aqueous biological systems. Detailed pharmacokinetic studies are not typically performed since CYPMPO is a reagent used for detection rather than a therapeutic drug candidate.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Acute toxicity of CYPMPO is considered low, allowing use in cellular and biological systems with appropriate safety precautions. Standard laboratory handling procedures are sufficient. As a spin trap reagent, comprehensive toxicological profiling has not been extensively published. The compound has been described as having lower toxicity compared to other spin traps, making it more suitable for biological applications. Always follow institutional safety guidelines when handling this chemical.
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| References |
[1]. Masato Kamibayashi, et al. Synthesis and characterization of a practically better DEPMPO-type spin trap, 5-(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propoxy cyclophosphoryl)-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (CYPMPO). Free Radic Res. 2006 Nov;40(11):1166-72.
[2]. Ryohei Umeda, et al. Direct free radical scavenging effects of water-soluble HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2019 Jan;64(1):20-26. [3]. Matsuzaki S, et al. Identification of mitochondrial electron transport chain-mediated NADH radical formation by EPR spin-trapping techniques. Biochemistry 2011, 50, 50, 10792-10803. |
| Additional Infomation |
Structure in the first source
CYPMPO was developed as an improvement over earlier spin traps like DMPO and DEPMPO, offering enhanced stability of radical adducts, particularly for superoxide detection. The compound's cyclic nitrone structure with a diethoxyphosphoryl group contributes to its superior performance. CYPMPO is available for research use in oxidative stress studies, redox biology, and free radical chemistry. It has been used in studies ranging from investigating antioxidant properties of natural products to evaluating free radical involvement in various disease models. It should be stored protected from light. |
| Molecular Formula |
C10H18NO4P
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
247.23
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| Exact Mass |
248.105
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| CAS # |
934182-09-9
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| PubChem CID |
16046145
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| Appearance |
Off-white to light yellow solid powder
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| LogP |
2.267
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
16
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| Complexity |
365
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
P1(C2(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])=[N+]2[O-])(=O)OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])O1
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| InChi Key |
OSKIWEPJAIOTFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H18NO4P/c1-9(2)7-14-16(13,15-8-9)10(3)5-4-6-11(10)12/h6H,4-5,7-8H2,1-3H3
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| Chemical Name |
5,5-dimethyl-2-(2-methyl-1-oxido-3,4-dihydropyrrol-1-ium-2-yl)-1,3,2λ5-dioxaphosphinane 2-oxide
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.0448 mL | 20.2241 mL | 40.4482 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8090 mL | 4.0448 mL | 8.0896 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4045 mL | 2.0224 mL | 4.0448 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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