| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 50mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Not applicable; this is an analytical standard and metabolic tracer. Natural L-alanine targets various transporters (e.g., ASCT2/SLC1A5) and is incorporated into proteins. It plays a key role in the glucose-alanine cycle, where it transports nitrogen from muscle to the liver. The ¹3C-labeled version is not a "drug" but a research tool for probing these pathways via mass spectrometry or NMR. It is also suitable for bio NMR applications.
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as quantitative tracers while the drugs were being developed. Because deuteration may have an effect on a drug's pharmacokinetics and metabolic properties, it is a cause for concern [1].
L-Alanine-1-13C does not exert direct pharmacological effects in vitro. Instead, it is used as a tracer to study metabolic processes. In cell-free extracts, its fate can be monitored via NMR (e.g., tracking the ¹3C label in intermediates of glycolysis or the TCA cycle). It is also used to calibrate mass spectrometers and to validate analytical methods for amino acid quantification. The label is specifically located on the carboxyl carbon, allowing precise tracking of decarboxylation reactions. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, L-Alanine-1-13C is administered to animal models (e.g., rodents) or humans in clinical research to study gluconeogenesis, the glucose-alanine cycle, or mitochondrial metabolism. For example, after oral or intravenous administration, blood samples are collected over time, and the ¹3C enrichment of glucose, pyruvate, or CO2 is measured by isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) or NMR. This helps quantify the contribution of alanine to blood glucose production in conditions like diabetes.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For NMR analysis: Dissolve L-Alanine-1-13C in D2O (e.g., 10-50 mM). Add a small amount of DSS (sodium 3-(trimethylsilyl)propionate-2,2,3,3-d4) as a chemical shift reference. Acquire ¹3C NMR spectra using a dedicated ¹3C probe or a broadband probe. The labeled carbon-1 will appear as a distinct singlet around 170-180 ppm (depending on pH). Use this to study protein folding, enzyme kinetics, or pH titration studies of the carboxylic acid group.
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| Cell Assay |
For cell culture studies, add L-Alanine-1-13C (e.g., 1-10 mM) to the growth medium (often alanine-deficient medium). Incubate cells for 0-72 hours. Harvest cells and separate culture medium. Metabolites (e.g., lactate, pyruvate, glutamate) are extracted using a methanol/water/chloroform method. The resulting aqueous phase is dried and reconstituted for LC-MS analysis. The ¹3C label is tracked as a mass shift of +1 Da. This allows calculation of metabolic flux through alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and the TCA cycle.
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| Animal Protocol |
For animal metabolic tracing: Fast animals overnight. Administer L-Alanine-1-13C via intraperitoneal injection (e.g., 100-500 mg/kg body weight). Collect blood at multiple time points (e.g., 0, 15, 30, 60, 120 min). Immediately centrifuge to obtain plasma. Derivatize plasma amino acids and glucose (e.g., using BSTFA + TMCS for GC-MS). Measure the enrichment of ¹3C in alanine itself and in downstream products like glucose. Calculate the gluconeogenic flux. For tissue analysis, excise liver or muscle and process similarly.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
L-Alanine-1-13C has a molecular formula H2NCH(CH3)¹3CO2H and a molecular weight of 90.09 g/mol (compared to 89.09 for natural alanine). It appears as a white crystalline powder. Melting point: 314.5 degC (dec.). Specific optical rotation: [alpha]2⁵/D = +14.5deg (c = 2 in 1 M HCl). Purity: ≥99% by GC. Isotopic enrichment: 99 atom% ¹3C. Solubility: Soluble in water (1-5 mg/mL). Store at -20degC or 4degC, sealed, protected from light and moisture.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
L-Alanine is a naturally occurring, non-essential amino acid with very low toxicity. The ¹3C-labeled analog shares the same safety profile. Standard laboratory precautions should be followed when handling the pure powder. Use appropriate personal protective equipment (lab coat, gloves, safety glasses). Avoid dust inhalation and contact with eyes. Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Not for therapeutic use. Consult the SDS for detailed safety information. For research use only.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
L-Alanine plays a key role in the glucose-alanine cycle (Cori cycle), where it shuttles nitrogen from muscle to the liver and carbon for gluconeogenesis. The 1-¹3C labeled version is particularly valuable for studying this cycle using NMR. It is also used in the production of isotopically labeled proteins for NMR structural biology (as a growth supplement). It is a high-purity reference standard for amino acid analysis in food and clinical chemistry. Not approved for clinical use.
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| Molecular Formula |
C213CH7NO2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
90.09
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| Exact Mass |
89.047
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| CAS # |
21764-56-7
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| Related CAS # |
L-Alanine;56-41-7
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| PubChem CID |
12205386
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.2±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
212.9±23.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
314.5ºC (dec.)(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
82.6±22.6 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.1±0.9 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.460
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| LogP |
-0.68
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
6
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| Complexity |
61.8
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
C[C@@H]([13C](=O)O)N
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| InChi Key |
QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-NSQKCYGPSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C3H7NO2/c1-2(4)3(5)6/h2H,4H2,1H3,(H,5,6)/t2-/m0/s1/i3+1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-2-amino(113C)propanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 11.1000 mL | 55.5001 mL | 111.0001 mL | |
| 5 mM | 2.2200 mL | 11.1000 mL | 22.2000 mL | |
| 10 mM | 1.1100 mL | 5.5500 mL | 11.1000 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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