| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Not applicable; L-Alanine-13C2 is a stable isotope-labeled analytical standard and metabolic tracer, not a pharmacologically active drug targeting specific biological receptors. The unlabeled parent compound L-alanine is an endogenous non-essential amino acid that is incorporated into proteins and is a substrate for alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the glucose-alanine cycle, but the 13C-labeled version serves as a tracer for quantitation during drug development rather than as a therapeutic agent targeting specific pathways. L-alanine is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases immunity, and provides energy for muscle tissue, brain, and central nervous system, but its labeled analog is used for analytical purposes only.
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as quantitative tracers while the drugs were being developed. Because deuteration may have an effect on a drug's pharmacokinetics and metabolic properties, it is a cause for concern [1].
L-Alanine-13C2 does not exert direct pharmacological effects in cell-free systems; it is a tracer compound used to study metabolic pathways. In cell-free enzyme assays, it can be used to trace alanine metabolism in liver extracts or to measure alanine aminotransferase activity, where the 13C label allows precise quantification of alanine-to-pyruvate conversion via mass spectrometry. L-alanine is a non-essential amino acid that participates in sugar and acid metabolism, and the labeled version is utilized to track these processes. It is also used as a reference standard in analytical chemistry to calibrate instruments and validate methods for amino acid quantification. |
| ln Vivo |
L-Alanine-13C2 is not intended for in vivo therapeutic applications but is used in animal studies as a metabolic tracer to study protein synthesis, gluconeogenesis, and the glucose-alanine cycle. Administered orally or intravenously, it allows tracking of the 13C label into various metabolites (e.g., glucose, lactate, pyruvate) in blood and tissues, enabling quantification of metabolic fluxes. The dual 13C labeling (M+2) provides a distinct mass shift that eliminates endogenous interference, ensuring accurate determination of alanine utilization, turnover rates, and metabolic fates in vivo. It is particularly valuable for studying alanine's role in glucose metabolism and protein synthesis.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For LC-MS/MS bioanalysis, prepare stock solution of L-Alanine-13C2 in water or 0.1% formic acid to a concentration of 1 mg/mL. Spike a known amount (e.g., 10-100 ng/mL) into biological samples (plasma, urine, tissue homogenates) after protein precipitation with acetonitrile or methanol. Separate amino acids on a C18 or HILIC column and detect using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) transitions (e.g., m/z 92 → 46 for unlabeled alanine; m/z 94 → 46 for L-Alanine-13C2). Quantify by isotope dilution method using the peak area ratio (analyte/internal standard) against a calibration curve. This protocol is FDA/EMA compliant, with accuracy 85-115% and CV ≤15%.
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| Cell Assay |
For cell culture metabolic flux studies, grow cells in alanine-deficient or standard medium supplemented with L-Alanine-13C2 (0.1-10 mM). Incubate cells for 0-72 hours. Harvest cells at various time points and separate culture medium. Metabolites (e.g., pyruvate, lactate, glutamate) are extracted using a methanol/water/chloroform method. The aqueous phase is dried and reconstituted for LC-MS analysis. The 13C label is tracked as a mass shift of +2 Da to calculate metabolic flux through alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and the TCA cycle. For protein synthesis studies, hydrolyze cell pellets in 6 M HCl at 110degC for 24 hours, then analyze the derivatized amino acids by LC-MS/MS.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo metabolic tracing, fast animals overnight. Administer L-Alanine-13C2 via intraperitoneal injection or oral gavage (e.g., 100-500 mg/kg body weight). Collect blood at multiple time points (e.g., 0, 15, 30, 60, 120 min). Immediately centrifuge to obtain plasma. For protein synthesis studies, harvest tissues (liver, muscle, brain), homogenize, and hydrolyze proteins. Derivatize amino acids and analyze by GC-MS or LC-MS. Calculate the fractional synthesis rate (FSR) based on the enrichment of labeled alanine into proteins. Also measure 13C enrichment in plasma glucose to assess gluconeogenic flux from alanine.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
L-Alanine-13C2: Molecular formula C3H₇NO2 (with 13C at two positions) → effective formula 13C2CH₇NO2; Molecular weight 91.08 g/mol (unlabeled alanine 89.09). Appearance: White crystalline powder. Purity: ≥98% by HPLC; isotopic enrichment: ≥99 atom% 13C. Solubility: Soluble in water (1-5 mg/mL). Storage: Store powder at -20degC, sealed, protected from light and moisture. In solution, store at -80degC for up to 6 months. Shipping: Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere. The product is a controlled substance and not for sale in certain territories.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
L-Alanine is a naturally occurring, non-essential amino acid with very low toxicity. The 13C-labeled analog shares the same safety profile. Standard laboratory precautions should be followed when handling the pure powder: wear appropriate personal protective equipment (lab coat, gloves, safety glasses), avoid dust inhalation and contact with eyes, and wash hands thoroughly after handling. The compound is not intended for therapeutic use in humans; it is for research use only. No significant acute toxicity has been reported at typical research doses. However, always consult the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detailed safety information before use.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
L-Alanine-13C2 is a versatile research tool in metabolomics and flux analysis. It is the 13C-labeled version of L-Alanine (unlabeled CAS 56-41-7) and is widely used as an internal standard for quantitative mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. The dual carbon labeling (at positions 1 and 2) provides a +2 Da mass shift, enabling unambiguous discrimination from endogenous alanine and eliminating spectral overlap issues present in singly-labeled analogs. It is not an FDA-approved drug and is available for research use only. This product is a controlled substance and not for sale in certain territories. Store powder at -20degC and protect from light. Always check the Certificate of Analysis (COA) for batch-specific purity and isotopic enrichment data.
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| Molecular Formula |
C13C2H7NO2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
91
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| Exact Mass |
91.054
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| CAS # |
65163-26-0
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| Related CAS # |
L-Alanine;56-41-7
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| PubChem CID |
71309147
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| LogP |
-3
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
6
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| Complexity |
61.8
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
[13CH3][13C@@H](C(=O)O)N
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| InChi Key |
QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-GSPFBODJSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C3H7NO2/c1-2(4)3(5)6/h2H,4H2,1H3,(H,5,6)/t2-/m0/s1/i1+1,2+1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-2-amino(2,3-13C2)propanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O: 100 mg/mL (1097.94 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 10.9890 mL | 54.9451 mL | 109.8901 mL | |
| 5 mM | 2.1978 mL | 10.9890 mL | 21.9780 mL | |
| 10 mM | 1.0989 mL | 5.4945 mL | 10.9890 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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