| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
beta-Alanine-15N targets the same metabolic pathways as unlabeled beta-Alanine. beta-Alanine is a precursor for the synthesis of carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) via the action of carnosine synthase. Carnosine is an intracellular buffer that helps maintain pH homeostasis in muscles and the brain, particularly during high-intensity exercise. beta-Alanine is also a substrate for the enzyme beta-alanine-pyruvate aminotransferase, which converts it to malonate semialdehyde. As a tracer, the 15N label allows researchers to track the incorporation of nitrogen from beta-Alanine into downstream metabolites such as carnosine and anserine.
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as quantitative tracers while the drugs were being developed. Because deuteration may have an effect on a drug's pharmacokinetics and metabolic properties, it is a cause for concern [1].
As a stable isotope tracer, beta-Alanine-15N is not used to measure biological activity in the traditional sense. Instead, it is added to cell culture media or administered to animals to trace beta-Alanine metabolism and incorporation into carnosine. In vitro, beta-Alanine (unlabeled) has been shown to increase intracellular carnosine levels in cultured muscle cells (e.g., C2C12 myotubes) when added to the culture medium at concentrations of 5-20 mM. beta-Alanine supplementation also reduces lactic acid accumulation in cells. The 15N-labeled version is used to quantify carnosine synthesis rates and to study beta-Alanine transport via the beta-alanine transporter (TauT). |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, beta-Alanine-15N is administered to animals to trace beta-Alanine metabolism and carnosine synthesis. beta-Alanine (unlabeled) is a well-studied nutritional supplement used by athletes to increase muscle carnosine levels, which enhances buffering capacity during high-intensity exercise. In clinical research, beta-Alanine has been investigated for its potential benefits in aging, neuromuscular diseases, and cognitive function. The 15N-labeled version is used as a tracer in metabolic flux studies to quantify the rate of carnosine synthesis in muscle tissue. The compound is also used as an internal standard for isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS) to accurately measure beta-Alanine levels in plasma, urine, and tissue samples.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For non-cellular assays (analytical quantification), beta-Alanine-15N is prepared as a stock solution in water or methanol (1 mg/mL). For LC-MS/MS analysis, a calibration curve for beta-Alanine is prepared in human plasma or urine (0.1-1000 ng/mL) with a fixed concentration of beta-Alanine-15N (e.g., 50 ng/mL). Sample preparation: 100 uL plasma + 20 uL internal standard + 380 uL acetonitrile for protein precipitation. After centrifugation, the supernatant is diluted with water (1:1) and injected onto a HILIC column or a C18 column with a mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile (gradient elution). MRM transitions: beta-Alanine 90→72 (loss of H2O) and 90→44; beta-Alanine-15N 91→73 and 91→45. For GC-MS analysis, samples are derivatized with BSTFA to form TMS derivatives.
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| Cell Assay |
For cell-based assays, muscle cells (e.g., C2C12 myoblasts differentiated into myotubes) are seeded in 6-well plates (1×10⁶ cells/well) in DMEM with 10% FBS. After differentiation for 5-7 days, cells are treated with beta-Alanine (5-20 mM) or beta-Alanine-15N (as a tracer) for 24-72 hours. Carnosine levels in cell lysates are measured by LC-MS/MS using beta-Alanine-15N as an internal standard. For metabolic labeling studies, cells are cultured in medium containing beta-Alanine-15N (1-10 mM) for 6-48 hours, and the incorporation of 15N into carnosine is analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Cell viability is assessed by MTT assay. For beta-alanine transport studies, cells are treated with beta-Alanine-15N (1-10 mM) and intracellular accumulation is measured over time.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal experiments, rats or mice are used. For pharmacokinetic studies, animals are administered beta-Alanine (10-100 mg/kg, oral or IP). Blood samples are collected at multiple time points (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 hours). beta-Alanine-15N (fixed concentration) is added to plasma samples as internal standard before LC-MS/MS analysis. For metabolic tracer studies, animals are administered beta-Alanine-15N (10-50 mg/kg, IP) and tissues (muscle, brain, liver) are harvested at 1-8 hours post-dose. Carnosine and anserine levels are measured by LC-MS/MS. For nutritional studies, animals are fed beta-Alanine-supplemented diets for 2-8 weeks, and beta-Alanine levels in tissues are quantified using the deuterated standard. For carnosine synthesis studies, beta-Alanine-15N can be administered repeatedly over days to weeks to reach steady-state labeling of muscle carnosine pools.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
beta-Alanine-15N has a molecular weight of 90.09, with a 15N atom providing a mass shift of +1 Da relative to unlabeled beta-Alanine (MW 89.09). The compound is a white crystalline powder, soluble in water and dilute acids. It has a melting point of approximately 196-198degC. The 15N label is stable and non-radioactive. It should be stored as a powder at -20degC for up to 3 years, and in solution at -80degC for up to 6 months or at -20degC for up to 1 month. The compound is stable under normal storage conditions and should be protected from moisture and light. beta-Alanine-15N is metabolically identical to unlabeled beta-Alanine, so its pharmacokinetics follow that of beta-Alanine.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
beta-Alanine-15N is a stable isotope-labeled compound with minimal toxicity at analytical concentrations (ng-ug per sample). The non-deuterated parent compound, beta-Alanine, has low acute toxicity (oral LD₅0 in rats: >5000 mg/kg). At high doses (≥100 mg/kg in humans), beta-Alanine can cause transient paresthesia (tingling sensation, skin flushing) due to activation of the Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor MRGPRD. This effect is harmless and dose-dependent. No significant organ toxicity or carcinogenicity has been reported. Standard laboratory safety precautions for handling amino acids should be followed. The compound is non-radioactive and safe for research use.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
beta-Alanine-15N is a research compound and analytical standard, not an approved drug. No clinical trials have been conducted with the 15N-labeled version for therapeutic purposes. The non-deuterated parent compound, beta-Alanine, is a dietary supplement widely used by athletes to increase muscle carnosine levels and improve high-intensity exercise performance. It has been investigated clinically for potential benefits in aging, sarcopenia, and neuromuscular diseases (e.g., ALS). However, beta-Alanine is not an FDA-approved drug. beta-Alanine-15N is used as an internal standard for quantitative LC-MS/MS analysis of beta-Alanine in clinical and research settings, and as a stable isotope tracer for studying beta-Alanine metabolism, carnosine synthesis, and nitrogen flux. Available for research use only.
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| Molecular Formula |
C3H7NO2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
90.086590051651
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| Exact Mass |
90.044
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| CAS # |
204451-53-6
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| Related CAS # |
β-Alanine;107-95-9
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| PubChem CID |
71309180
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| LogP |
-3
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
6
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| Complexity |
52.8
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
C(C[15NH2])C(=O)O
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| InChi Key |
UCMIRNVEIXFBKS-AZXPZELESA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C3H7NO2/c4-2-1-3(5)6/h1-2,4H2,(H,5,6)/i4+1
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| Chemical Name |
3-(15N)azanylpropanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O: 125 mg/mL (1387.50 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 11.1000 mL | 55.5001 mL | 111.0001 mL | |
| 5 mM | 2.2200 mL | 11.1000 mL | 22.2000 mL | |
| 10 mM | 1.1100 mL | 5.5500 mL | 11.1000 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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