| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Human Endogenous Metabolite
Adenosine 5'-diphosphate disodium targets ATP synthase, ATPases, and purinergic receptors. As ADP, it is involved in energy metabolism and signal transduction. It can be used as a substrate for ATP synthesis and hydrolysis for the study of related enzyme activities and reaction mechanisms. It also increases cAMP levels in human platelets and B10 cells at 5 μmol/L. |
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Human platelets aggregate when exposed to adenosine 5'-diphosphate disodium (10 μmol/L), and [Ca2+]i rises in platelets, B10 cells, and p2y1-transfected cells [1]. Human platelets and B10 cells exhibit elevated levels of cAMP in response to adenosine 5'-diphosphate disodium (5 μmol/L) [1].
In vitro, Adenosine 5'-diphosphate disodium is used as a substrate for ATP synthesis and hydrolysis to study related enzyme activities and reaction mechanisms. It increases cAMP levels in human platelets and B10 cells at 5 μmol/L. Its activity is measured by assessing ATP production, enzyme kinetics, and purinergic receptor activation. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Adenosine 5'-diphosphate disodium is a central component of energy storage, metabolism, and signal transduction. As ADP, it is involved in cellular energy metabolism and serves as a precursor for ATP. It is not a therapeutic agent but is essential for normal cellular function and is studied in the context of metabolism and disease.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays with Adenosine 5'-diphosphate disodium typically involve studying ATPases, kinases, and other enzymes involved in nucleotide metabolism. The compound is used as a substrate to measure enzyme activity. Standard assays involve incubating ADP with enzyme preparations and measuring ATP production or phosphate release by spectrophotometric, luminometric, or chromatographic methods.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell culture experiments with Adenosine 5'-diphosphate disodium involve treating cells to study energy metabolism, purinergic signaling, and nucleotide metabolism. Cells are treated with ADP, and endpoints include assessment of ATP levels, cAMP production, calcium signaling, and cell proliferation. These experiments characterize the role of ADP in cellular function.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments with Adenosine 5'-diphosphate disodium are not commonly performed as the compound is a natural nucleotide. If used, it would be to study nucleotide metabolism, purinergic signaling, or energy metabolism in animal models. Standard protocols would involve administering the compound or its analogs and measuring metabolic parameters.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of Adenosine 5'-diphosphate disodium reflect its role as a natural nucleotide. As a polar nucleotide, it does not readily cross cell membranes and requires transport mechanisms for cellular uptake. It is rapidly metabolized to ATP or AMP by kinases and phosphatases. Its plasma half-life is short due to rapid clearance and metabolism.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Adenosine 5'-diphosphate disodium has a low toxicity profile as a naturally occurring nucleotide. It is not considered a hazardous substance. For research use, standard laboratory safety practices are sufficient. It is typically stored as a powder at -20°C. Comprehensive toxicology studies have not been published as the compound is a normal cellular metabolite.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
See other relationships...
Adenosine 5'-diphosphate disodium (ADP-Na2) is the disodium salt of adenosine 5'-diphosphate, a central component of energy storage, metabolism, and signal transduction. It is the product of ATP dephosphorylation by ATPases and serves as a precursor for ATP. The compound is used in research on energy metabolism and purinergic signaling. It is not a drug and has no therapeutic indications. |
| Molecular Formula |
C10H13N5NA2O10P2
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
471.16
|
| Exact Mass |
470.993
|
| CAS # |
16178-48-6
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| Related CAS # |
Adenosine;58-61-7;Adenosine 5'-diphosphate;58-64-0;Adenosine-15N5 5′-diphosphate disodium salt
|
| PubChem CID |
85315
|
| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| Boiling Point |
877.7ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
484.6ºC
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
14
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
6
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
29
|
| Complexity |
627
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
4
|
| SMILES |
C1=NC(=C2C(=N1)N(C=N2)[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O3)COP(=O)([O-])OP(=O)(O)[O-])O)O)N.[Na+].[Na+]
|
| InChi Key |
ORKSTPSQHZNDSC-IDIVVRGQSA-L
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H15N5O10P2.2Na/c11-8-5-9(13-2-12-8)15(3-14-5)10-7(17)6(16)4(24-10)1-23-27(21,22)25-26(18,19)20;;/h2-4,6-7,10,16-17H,1H2,(H,21,22)(H2,11,12,13)(H2,18,19,20);;/q;2*+1/p-2/t4-,6-,7-,10-;;/m1../s1
|
| Chemical Name |
disodium;[[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-oxidophosphoryl] hydrogen phosphate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 5 mg/mL (10.61 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.1224 mL | 10.6121 mL | 21.2242 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4245 mL | 2.1224 mL | 4.2448 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2122 mL | 1.0612 mL | 2.1224 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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