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Adenosine is an endogenous nucleoside consisting of an adenine attached via a β-N₉-glycosidic bond to a ribose. One of the four nucleoside building blocks of RNA, Adenosine is necessary for all forms of life. Adenosine mono-, di-, and triphosphate—AMP/ADP/ATP—is one of its derivatives. Signal transduction is a ubiquitous application of cyclic Adenosine monophosphate. Some cardiac arrhythmias can be treated with Adenosine administered intravenously.
| Targets |
Human Endogenous Metabolite; Microbial Metabolite
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Adenine nucleosides act on four G protein-coupled receptors: one of them, A1 and A3, is mainly coupled to the Gi family G proteins; two of them, A2A and A2B, are mainly coupled to G proteins. These receptors include coffee Antagonist due to entrance of xanthine. Through these receptors, it affects many cells and organs, often with cytoprotective functions [2]. Adenosine is an extracellular signaling molecule generated from its precursor molecules 5'-adenosine triphosphate (ATP)) and 5'-adenosine monophosphate (AMP) [3]. Adenosine is a common metabolite of ATP that exhibits cytotoxic effects at high concentrations. Adenosine (1.0- 4.0 mM; 12-24 hours) inhibits cell viability and triggers endoplasmic reticulum depletion in HepG2 cells [4]. Adenosine induces a variety of phosphates. Adenosine (2.0 mM; 12-24 hours) Induces freedom in HepG2 cells In the HepG2 cell line, successful adenosine-induced activation of AMPK/mTOR partially blocks the ER and reduces inactivated cell death [4].
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| References |
| Molecular Formula |
C10H13N5O4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
267.2413
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| Exact Mass |
267.1
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 44.94; H, 4.90; N, 26.21; O, 23.95
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| CAS # |
58-61-7
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| Related CAS # |
Adenosine-13C5; 159496-13-6; (R)-3-Hydroxybutanoic acid-13C2 sodium; 202114-54-3; Adenosine-1′-13C; 201996-55-6; Adenosine-13C; 54447-57-3; Adenosine-d2; 82741-17-1; Adenosine 5'-diphosphate disodium; 16178-48-6; Adenosine-d; 109923-50-4; Adenosine-15N5; 168566-57-2; Adenosine-2′-13C; 714950-52-4; Adenosine-3′-13C; 714950-53-5; Adenosine-d-1; 119540-53-3; Adenosine-d-2; Adenosine-13C10,15N5; 202406-75-5
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| Appearance |
Solid powder
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| SMILES |
C1=NC(=C2C(=N1)N(C=N2)[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O3)CO)O)O)N
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| InChi Key |
OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H13N5O4/c11-8-5-9(13-2-12-8)15(3-14-5)10-7(18)6(17)4(1-16)19-10/h2-4,6-7,10,16-18H,1H2,(H2,11,12,13)/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol
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| Synonyms |
NSC627048; NSC-627048; Adenosine; NSC 627048
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 27~33.3 mg/mL (101.0~124.7 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 6.67 mg/mL (24.96 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication (<60°C).
(Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.7420 mL | 18.7098 mL | 37.4195 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7484 mL | 3.7420 mL | 7.4839 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3742 mL | 1.8710 mL | 3.7420 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | interventions | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
| NCT03557385 | Active Recruiting |
Drug: Iopamidol Drug: adenosine |
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention | Duke University | January 17, 2019 | Phase 4 |
| NCT04588441 | Not yet recruiting | Drug: Adenosine | Acute Respiratory Distress | University of Florida | December 2023 | Phase 2 |
| NCT03218137 | Recruiting | Drug: Adenosine | Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC) |
Weill Medical College of Cornell University |
February 13, 2017 | Phase 4 |
| NCT05014061 | Not yet recruiting | Drug: Adenosine | Myocardial Ischemia | Vastra Gotaland Region | January 1, 2023 | Phase 3 |
| NCT05501054 | Recruiting | Drug: Ipilimumab Drug: Nivolumab |
Renal Cell Carcinoma | M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | February 9, 2023 | Phase 1 Phase 2 |
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