| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
10,11-Dihydrocarbamazepine exhibits antagonist activity at both the human 5HT3A and P2X4 receptors. It inhibits serotonin-induced inward Na+ current in HEK293 cells and ATP-induced cytosolic calcium influx in human 1321N1 cells. It also shows weak inhibitory effects on recombinant human SIRT2 and SIRT1.
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| ln Vitro |
10,11-Dihydrocarbamazepine, the active metabolite of oxycarbazepine, is produced in the liver through its metabolism. An antiepileptic medication (AED) called oxycarbazepine is used either as a monotherapy or as an adjuvant treatment to treat partial seizures[1]. When determining the amount of 10,11-dihydrocarbamazepine in pharmaceutical formulations using liquid chromatography (LC), 10,11-dihydrocarbamazepine can be utilized as a reference standard[1].
10,11-Dihydrocarbamazepine inhibits serotonin-induced inward Na+ current in HEK293 cells at concentrations of 10 µM or higher, with inhibition not exceeding 50%. For the P2X4 receptor, it achieves 35% inhibition at 100 µM after a 30-minute preincubation, with an IC50 greater than 100,000 nM. It shows less than 25% inhibition of SIRT2 and SIRT1 at 50 µM. |
| ln Vivo |
10,11-Dihydrocarbamazepine is the active metabolite of oxcarbazepine and is responsible for its anticonvulsant effects in vivo. It modulates neuronal firing and neurotransmitter release to control seizures. As an active metabolite, it contributes to the therapeutic efficacy of oxcarbazepine in treating partial seizures.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro receptor binding assays are performed by incubating 10,11-Dihydrocarbamazepine with HEK293 cells expressing human 5HT3A receptors or 1321N1 cells expressing P2X4 receptors. For 5HT3A, serotonin-induced inward Na+ current is measured using patch-clamp electrophysiology. For P2X4, ATP-induced cytosolic calcium influx is measured using a Fluo-4 AM dye-based fluorescence assay. SIRT1/2 inhibition is assessed using a homogeneous fluorescent deacetylase assay with ZMAL as substrate.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell assays, HEK293 cells or 1321N1 cells are cultured in appropriate media and treated with 10,11-Dihydrocarbamazepine at concentrations ranging from 1-100 µM. Receptor-mediated ion flux or calcium signaling is measured using fluorescence-based or electrophysiological techniques. Cell viability is assessed to determine compound cytotoxicity. The compound's effects on receptor antagonism are quantified by measuring inhibition of agonist-induced responses.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal studies, 10,11-Dihydrocarbamazepine is typically administered to rodents via oral gavage or intraperitoneal injection. As the active metabolite of oxcarbazepine, its anticonvulsant efficacy is evaluated in seizure models. Blood and brain tissue samples are collected to measure drug concentrations by LC-MS/MS. The compound's pharmacokinetic profile and tissue distribution are assessed to understand its role in oxcarbazepine's therapeutic effects.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
10,11-Dihydrocarbamazepine (MW 238.28) is soluble in DMSO (55 mg/mL). It is stable as a powder at -20°C for 3 years and in solvent at -80°C for 1 year. In vivo formulations may use 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween 80 + 45% saline. As a metabolite of oxcarbazepine, it is produced via hepatic reduction and circulates systemically to exert anticonvulsant effects.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
10,11-Dihydrocarbamazepine is for research use only. No specific toxicity data are available for this compound. As the active metabolite of the approved antiepileptic drug oxcarbazepine, its safety profile is expected to be consistent with that of the parent drug at therapeutic concentrations. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling this compound.
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| References |
[1]. Courtney Hunek, et al. Measurement of 10,11-dihydro-10-hydroxy-carbamazepine in serum and plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2008;46(10):1429-33.
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| Additional Infomation |
See also: Carbamazepine (note moved to).
10,11-Dihydrocarbamazepine (CAS# 3564-73-6) is the primary active metabolite of oxcarbazepine, an antiepileptic drug used for partial seizures. It has not been approved as a standalone therapeutic agent but is used as a pharmaceutical intermediate and reference standard. The compound is classified as a drug metabolite and reference standard in the metabolic enzyme/protease pathway. It is widely used in neurological research and pharmaceutical quality control. |
| Molecular Formula |
C15H14N2O
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
238.28
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| Exact Mass |
238.11
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| CAS # |
3564-73-6
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| PubChem CID |
19099
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.2±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
394.5±52.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
205-210ºC
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| Flash Point |
192.4±30.7 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.9 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.645
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| LogP |
2.6
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
1
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
18
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| Complexity |
294
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
O=C(N([H])[H])N1C2=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C2=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C12
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| InChi Key |
PHNLCHMJDSSPDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C15H14N2O/c16-15(18)17-13-7-3-1-5-11(13)9-10-12-6-2-4-8-14(12)17/h1-8H,9-10H2,(H2,16,18)
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| Chemical Name |
5,6-dihydrobenzo[b][1]benzazepine-11-carboxamide
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.1967 mL | 20.9837 mL | 41.9674 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8393 mL | 4.1967 mL | 8.3935 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4197 mL | 2.0984 mL | 4.1967 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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