| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5mg |
|
||
| 10mg |
|
||
| 50mg |
|
||
| 100mg |
|
||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Ferulic acid 4-O-sulfate targets the cardiovascular system. While its parent compound, ferulic acid, is known for its antioxidant properties and inhibition of cell proliferation, this specific sulfate conjugate exhibits direct vasodilatory activity. It is an aryl sulfate ester, belonging to the cinnamic acid class, and is also a monomethoxybenzene. It has been shown to relax arteries and lower blood pressure, likely by acting on the endothelium or vascular smooth muscle to induce vasodilation.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In mice, ferulic acid 4-O-sulfate (0.1-30 μM) significantly relaxes the aorta, femoral, and saphenous arteries in a concentration-dependent manner[1].
In vitro, ferulic acid 4-O-sulfate has been shown to exhibit significant biological activity. It relaxes the aorta, femoral, and saphenous arteries in mice in a concentration-dependent manner. This activity has been demonstrated at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 30 microM. By relaxing these vessels, it reduces vascular resistance, which is a key step in lowering blood pressure. This activity distinguishes the sulfate conjugate from its parent aglycone. |
| ln Vivo |
Mice treated with 16.13 and 161.3 µg/kg (iv; once) of ferrulic acid 4-O-sulfate have relaxed arteries and reduced blood pressure[1].
In vivo, ferulic acid 4-O-sulfate is the primary circulating form of ferulic acid in the body. In mice, intravenous administration of ferulic acid 4-O-sulfate (16.13 and 161.3 ug/kg) has been shown to cause immediate relaxation of arteries and a reduction in mean arterial pressure (MAP). This demonstrates that this metabolite is biologically active and directly responsible for some of the cardiovascular benefits associated with dietary polyphenols, rather than the parent compound. |
| Enzyme Assay |
For in vitro testing of vasorelaxant activity, isolated mouse arteries (such as the aorta, femoral, or saphenous artery) are mounted in a myograph system. Ferulic acid 4-O-sulfate is dissolved in DMSO to prepare a stock solution, which is then diluted in physiological salt solution (PSS) to achieve a range of concentrations (e.g., 0.1-30 microM). The arteries are pre-contracted with a vasoconstrictor like phenylephrine or high potassium solution. The addition of ferulic acid 4-O-sulfate to the organ bath results in a concentration-dependent relaxation, which is recorded by the myograph. For cellular antioxidant assays, HepG2 cells are pre-treated with the compound in the presence of an iron overload condition, and markers of oxidative stress are measured.
|
| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cellular experiments, HepG2 or endothelial cells are used to assess antioxidant or anti-inflammatory effects. Cells are seeded in multi-well plates and treated with ferulic acid 4-O-sulfate at concentrations of 1-100 uM for 24 hours. For antioxidant assays, cells are then exposed to an oxidative stress inducer (e.g., H2O2 or iron overload). Cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels are measured using DCFH-DA fluorescence, and lipid peroxidation is measured by MDA assay. Gene expression of antioxidant enzymes (e.g., SOD, catalase) can be assessed by qPCR.
|
| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Male Swiss mice[1]
Doses: 16.13 and 161.3 µg/kg Route of Administration: intravenous (iv) injection, once Experimental Results: Dramatically diminished the mean arterial pressure (MAP) immediately after intravenous (iv) injection. For in vivo hemodynamic studies, ferulic acid 4-O-sulfate is typically administered intravenously (i.v.) to mice. A typical protocol involves anesthetizing the mouse and inserting a catheter into the carotid artery or the femoral artery to measure mean arterial pressure (MAP). After a stable baseline is recorded, the compound is administered as a bolus injection (e.g., 16.13 and 161.3 ug/kg, once). The blood pressure is monitored continuously before and after the injection, and the maximum decrease in MAP is recorded. Other administration routes, such as intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection, may be used for longer-term studies on bioavailability and metabolism. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
As a water-soluble Phase II conjugate, ferulic acid 4-O-sulfate has distinct pharmacokinetic properties from its parent compound, ferulic acid. It is a major circulating metabolite, meaning that following oral consumption of ferulic acid-containing foods, this sulfate form is found at higher concentrations in the blood than the free acid. After intravenous administration in mice, its hypotensive effect is immediate, suggesting rapid distribution to its site of action. Its elimination half-life is likely short, on the order of minutes to hours. It is cleared by renal excretion or further metabolism.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Ferulic acid 4-O-sulfate is an endogenous metabolite and is considered to have low toxicity. It is a naturally occurring substance found in the human diet and is produced by normal metabolic processes. No specific acute or chronic toxicity data is reported for this compound in research usage. Standard laboratory safety precautions for handling biochemicals, such as the use of gloves and safety glasses, are recommended. Not intended for human consumption.
|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Ferulic acid-4-sulfate is a cinnamic acid compound with a structure similar to ferulic acid, except that the hydrogen atom on the phenolic hydroxyl group is replaced by a sulfonic acid group. It can be used as a human xenobiotic metabolite and a rodent metabolite. It is an aryl sulfate ester, belonging to the cinnamic acid class, and is also a monomethoxybenzene. Functionally, it is related to ferulic acid. It is the conjugate acid of the ferulic acid-4-sulfate anion.
Ferulic acid 4-O-sulfate is not a drug. It is a research-grade metabolite and analytical standard. It is used to study the bioavailability, metabolism, and biological actions of dietary phenolic compounds like ferulic acid. It is a valuable tool for nutrition research, vascular biology, and drug metabolism studies, helping to explain how dietary interventions can lower blood pressure and improve cardiovascular health. It can also be used as a human xenobiotic metabolite and a rodent metabolite. |
| Molecular Formula |
C10H10O7S
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
274.25
|
| Exact Mass |
274.015
|
| CAS # |
86321-29-1
|
| PubChem CID |
6305574
|
| Appearance |
Off-white to light yellow solid powder
|
| Density |
1.566g/cm3
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.609
|
| LogP |
2.055
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
7
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
18
|
| Complexity |
408
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)/C=C/C(=O)O)OS(=O)(=O)O
|
| InChi Key |
PZPATWACAAOHTJ-HWKANZROSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H10O7S/c1-16-9-6-7(3-5-10(11)12)2-4-8(9)17-18(13,14)15/h2-6H,1H3,(H,11,12)(H,13,14,15)/b5-3+
|
| Chemical Name |
(E)-3-(3-methoxy-4-sulfooxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 10 mg/mL (36.46 mM)
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.6463 mL | 18.2315 mL | 36.4631 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7293 mL | 3.6463 mL | 7.2926 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3646 mL | 1.8232 mL | 3.6463 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
