| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5mg |
|
||
| 10mg |
|
||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
3-Methyl-GABA has multiple targets in the GABAergic system. It is a potent activator of GABA aminotransferase (GABA-T), the enzyme responsible for GABA breakdown. It can also fit into the binding pocket of the GABAA receptor (GABAaR), acting as a direct agonist. Additionally, it can activate L-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), the GABA synthesis enzyme.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In comparison to the matching S isomer, the GAD activation is stereoselective for the R isomer of 3-methyl GABA[1].
In vitro, 3-Methyl-GABA is described as a potent GABA aminotransferase activator. Molecular docking studies suggest it can fit the binding pocket of the GABAA receptor (GABAaR) with binding energies suggesting good affinity, and it can activate L-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), the enzyme that synthesizes GABA from glutamate. |
| ln Vivo |
3-Methyl-GABA is described as an anticonvulsant agent in vivo, based on its ability to modulate the GABAergic system. By activating GABA-T and GAD, it likely alters the turnover rate of GABA, and by binding to the GABAA receptor, it may directly produce inhibitory effects. The net result is predicted to raise the seizure threshold.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
3-Methyl-GABA can be studied in a non-cellular enzymatic assay to measure its effect on GABA aminotransferase (GABA-T). Recombinant human GABA-T is incubated with varying concentrations of 3-Methyl-GABA in the presence of its substrate, GABA. The activity of the enzyme is measured spectrophotometrically by monitoring the conversion of GABA to succinic semialdehyde at 340 nm.
|
| Cell Assay |
3-Methyl-GABA acts as an activator of GAD and potentially an agonist at the GABA binding site. To measure its effect on GABA synthesis, a cell-based assay could be performed using primary cortical neurons or synaptosomes. Cells are incubated with 3-Methyl-GABA, then lysed. The total and newly synthesized GABA levels are measured via HPLC-ECD to quantify changes in GABA production and metabolism.
|
| Animal Protocol |
No specific in vivo animal protocol for 3-Methyl-GABA is provided. A standard protocol for testing anticonvulsant activity is the maximal electroshock seizure (MES) test or the pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizure test in mice. 3-Methyl-GABA would be administered to mice, and the latency to seizure onset or the percentage of animals protected from tonic hindlimb extension would be measured.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
No specific pharmacokinetic data for 3-Methyl-GABA is provided. As a small molecule analog of GABA, it would likely be zwitterionic and not readily cross the blood-brain barrier unless the 3-methyl group significantly increases its lipophilicity. Its in vivo anticonvulsant activity implies it does reach its targets in the CNS.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
No direct toxicological data is provided. As an anticonvulsant research compound, its safety profile would be assessed in the MES or PTZ studies, where the effective dose (ED50) is compared to the toxic dose (TD50) to determine the protective index (PI). Common CNS side effects would be sedation, ataxia, or hypolocomotion.
|
| References |
|
| Additional Infomation |
3-Methyl-GABA is a unique compound because its structure (3-alkylated GABA) prevents it from being metabolized by GABA-T in the same way as GABA. The methyl group adds steric bulk, potentially altering its metabolism and receptor binding profile. Its reported ability to both activate GABA-T and agonize GABAA receptors is a rare “dual-action” mechanism for an anticonvulsant.
|
| Molecular Formula |
C20H30N2O10S2
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
522.59
|
| Exact Mass |
522.134
|
| CAS # |
1216629-00-3
|
| PubChem CID |
57369841
|
| Appearance |
White to light brown solid powder
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
6
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
8
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
34
|
| Complexity |
532
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
CC(CC(=O)O)CN.CC(CC(=O)O)CN.C1=CC2=C(C=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)O)C(=C1)S(=O)(=O)O
|
| InChi Key |
XDPUYXWLPXNCDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H8O6S2.2C5H11NO2/c11-17(12,13)9-5-1-3-7-8(9)4-2-6-10(7)18(14,15)16;2*1-4(3-6)2-5(7)8/h1-6H,(H,11,12,13)(H,14,15,16);2*4H,2-3,6H2,1H3,(H,7,8)
|
| Chemical Name |
bis(4-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid);naphthalene-1,5-disulfonic acid
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 125 mg/mL (239.19 mM)
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.9135 mL | 9.5677 mL | 19.1355 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3827 mL | 1.9135 mL | 3.8271 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1914 mL | 0.9568 mL | 1.9135 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
