| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 50g |
|
||
| 100g |
|
||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
GABAA Receptor[1]
Isonipecotic acid targets GABAA receptors, acting as a partial agonist. It shows agonist activity at GABAA receptor α1, α2, α3, α4, α5, and α6 subunits. The compound also acts as an antagonist at GABAA rho2 and rho3 subunits. It has a pEC50 of 4.62 (EC50 of 24 μM) at human GABAA α2β2γ2S receptors. |
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
With an IC50 of 0.33 μM, isonipecotic acid inhibits [3H]GABA binding at 2°C[2].
In cell-free receptor binding assays, Isonipecotic acid inhibits [³H]GABA binding to rat brain synaptosomal membranes. It demonstrates quantifiable and reproducible affinity for the GABAA receptor. The compound displaces radiolabeled GABA from receptor binding sites in a concentration-dependent manner. Cellular functional assays using FLIPR membrane potential blue assay in tsA-201 cells demonstrate that Isonipecotic acid acts as an agonist at human GABAA α2β2γ2S receptors with a pEC50 of 4.62 (EC50 of 24 μM). The compound activates GABAA receptor-mediated signaling pathways. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies on Isonipecotic acid are limited. As a GABAA receptor partial agonist, it may have effects on GABAergic neurotransmission. Detailed animal studies have not been extensively reported. The compound is primarily used as a research tool in vitro.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
Cell-free receptor binding assays for Isonipecotic acid are performed using rat brain synaptosomal membranes. Radioligand displacement studies use [³H]GABA as the labeled ligand. Membranes are incubated with varying concentrations of Isonipecotic acid and the radioligand, followed by filtration and scintillation counting. Binding affinity is determined from competition curves.
|
| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for Isonipecotic acid are conducted using tsA-201 cells expressing human GABAA α2β2γ2S receptors. FLIPR membrane potential blue assay is used to measure receptor activation. Cells are treated with varying concentrations of Isonipecotic acid, and fluorescence changes are recorded. EC50 values are determined from concentration-response curves.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of Isonipecotic acid have not been extensively characterized. As a small amino acid analog, it may have limited oral bioavailability. The compound's activity at GABA receptors confirms its ability to interact with the central nervous system.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Preclinical toxicity data for Isonipecotic acid are limited. The compound is used in research settings at concentrations that activate GABA receptors. Standard laboratory safety practices should be followed when handling the compound.
|
| References |
|
| Additional Infomation |
Structure in the first source
Isonipecotic acid is a research tool for studying GABAA receptor pharmacology. Its partial agonist activity at multiple GABAA receptor subunits makes it valuable for understanding receptor function. The compound's distinct activity at rho subunits provides additional research applications. |
| Molecular Formula |
C6H11NO2
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
129.16
|
| Exact Mass |
129.078
|
| CAS # |
498-94-2
|
| Related CAS # |
Isonipecotic acid-d9;1219798-43-2
|
| PubChem CID |
3773
|
| Appearance |
Off-white to light yellow solid powder
|
| Density |
1.1±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
265.8±33.0 °C at 760 mmHg
|
| Melting Point |
>300 °C(lit.)
|
| Flash Point |
114.5±25.4 °C
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.1 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.479
|
| LogP |
-0.08
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
9
|
| Complexity |
108
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
C1CNCCC1C(=O)O
|
| InChi Key |
SRJOCJYGOFTFLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C6H11NO2/c8-6(9)5-1-3-7-4-2-5/h5,7H,1-4H2,(H,8,9)
|
| Chemical Name |
piperidine-4-carboxylic acid
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O: 100 mg/mL (774.23 mM)
DMSO: < 1 mg/mL |
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 7.7423 mL | 38.7117 mL | 77.4234 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.5485 mL | 7.7423 mL | 15.4847 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.7742 mL | 3.8712 mL | 7.7423 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
