| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
(-)-Denudatin B targets voltage-gated and receptor-operated Ca2+ channels in vascular smooth muscle cells. By inhibiting Ca2+ influx through these channels, the compound reduces intracellular calcium levels, leading to smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation. The compound also has antiplatelet effects, inhibiting platelet aggregation and ATP release. At higher concentrations, it exhibits nonspecific antiplatelet action through inhibition of phosphoinositide breakdown induced by collagen and thrombin.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, (-)-Denudatin B demonstrates vasorelaxing effects in rat thoracic aorta by inhibiting Ca2+ influx through voltage-gated and receptor-operated calcium channels. The compound inhibits platelet aggregation and ATP release in washed rabbit platelets. It also inhibits thrombin- and collagen-induced phosphoinositide breakdown in rabbit platelets, demonstrating nonspecific antiplatelet activity at higher concentrations. These in vitro activities are consistent with the compound's mechanism as a calcium channel inhibitor and antiplatelet agent.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, (-)-Denudatin B has been studied in animal models for its vasorelaxing and antiplatelet effects. The compound relaxes vascular smooth muscle through calcium channel inhibition, which may translate to reduced blood pressure in hypertensive models. Its antiplatelet activity suggests potential antithrombotic effects in vivo. The compound is typically administered via oral or intraperitoneal routes in rodent models. However, comprehensive in vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies are limited. The compound shows nonspecific antiplatelet action at higher concentrations.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For non-cell-based receptor binding assays, (-)-Denudatin B can be evaluated using membrane preparations from vascular smooth muscle or platelets. Radioligand binding displacement experiments are performed using calcium channel ligands such as [3H]-nitrendipine for dihydropyridine-sensitive channels. Membrane homogenates are incubated with increasing concentrations of the test compound and a fixed concentration of the radioligand at room temperature for 1-2 hours. Bound radioligand is separated from free by filtration through glass fiber filters. Nonspecific binding is determined in the presence of excess unlabeled ligand. IC50 values are calculated from displacement curves using nonlinear regression analysis.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cellular assays, vascular smooth muscle cells or platelets are used. For vasorelaxation studies, rat aortic rings are mounted in organ baths and pre-contracted with phenylephrine or high potassium buffer. Increasing concentrations of (-)-Denudatin B are added cumulatively, and the relaxation response is measured isometrically. For platelet aggregation studies, washed rabbit platelets are incubated with the compound and aggregation is induced by collagen or thrombin. Aggregation is measured using a platelet aggregometer. ATP release is measured using luciferin-luciferase assay. These assays demonstrate the compound's calcium channel inhibitory and antiplatelet activities.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal studies, (-)-Denudatin B can be administered to rodents via intraperitoneal injection or oral gavage. For vasorelaxation studies, blood pressure can be monitored in spontaneously hypertensive rats using tail-cuff or telemetry. For antiplatelet studies, ex vivo platelet aggregation can be measured in blood samples collected from treated animals. Thrombosis models such as ferric chloride-induced carotid artery thrombosis can be used to assess antithrombotic efficacy. Dosing regimens typically involve single or repeated administrations, with blood samples collected at various time points for pharmacokinetic analysis.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The pharmacokinetic properties of (-)-Denudatin B have not been extensively characterized in the published literature. The compound is soluble in DMSO at 50 mg/mL and can be formulated for in vivo administration using 10% DMSO in 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in saline) or 10% DMSO in 90% corn oil. Based on its natural product origin and molecular weight of 356.41, the compound is expected to have moderate lipophilicity. For in vivo studies, the compound should be stored at 4°C in sealed containers away from moisture and light. Comprehensive ADME studies would be needed for full pharmacokinetic characterization.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of (-)-Denudatin B has not been extensively reported. As a natural product with antiplatelet activity, potential toxicities may include bleeding complications at high doses due to its antiplatelet effects. The compound has been studied in vitro and in animal models at concentrations that produce vasorelaxation and antiplatelet effects. Standard toxicological evaluation would include acute toxicity studies in rodents, assessment of effects on bleeding time and coagulation parameters, and evaluation of cardiovascular safety. The compound is for research use only and not for human consumption.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Denudatin B belongs to the benzofuran class of compounds. It has been reported to be found in Piper hancei, Piper pedicellatum, and other organisms with relevant data.
(-)-Denudatin B (Denudatin B) is a naturally occurring compound isolated from Kadsura coccinea and Magnolia fargesii. It is an antiplatelet agent that relaxes vascular smooth muscle by inhibiting Ca2+ influx through voltage-gated and receptor-operated Ca2+ channels. The compound has been studied for its potential cardiovascular applications, including vasodilation and antithrombotic effects. It is available for research purposes only. The compound's mechanism of action involves both calcium channel inhibition and inhibition of phosphoinositide breakdown. |
| Molecular Formula |
C21H24O5
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
356.41
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| Exact Mass |
356.162
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| CAS # |
87402-88-8
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| PubChem CID |
442834
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| Appearance |
Colorless to light yellow ointment
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| Density |
1.2±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
491.1±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
214.2±28.8 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.2 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.565
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| LogP |
2.87
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
6
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| Heavy Atom Count |
26
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| Complexity |
622
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
3
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| SMILES |
O([C@@]12C=C(CC=C)C(=O)C=C1O[C@H](C1C=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=1)[C@H]2C)C
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| InChi Key |
VDYACOATPFOZIO-HBUDHLSFSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C21H24O5/c1-6-7-15-12-21(25-5)13(2)20(26-19(21)11-16(15)22)14-8-9-17(23-3)18(10-14)24-4/h6,8-13,20H,1,7H2,2-5H3/t13-,20+,21-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S,3R,3aR)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3a-methoxy-3-methyl-5-prop-2-enyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-one
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.8058 mL | 14.0288 mL | 28.0576 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5612 mL | 2.8058 mL | 5.6115 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2806 mL | 1.4029 mL | 2.8058 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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