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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Manganese chloride tetrahydrate does not have a defined pharmacological target. It provides manganese ions (Mn²⁺), which serve as essential cofactors for various enzymes, including DNA polymerases, glycosyltransferases, and superoxide dismutase. Mn²⁺ ions are also used in molecular biology applications, such as in the tailing of DNA (dC and dG tailing) and in reverse transcription of RNA with thermostable DNA polymerase.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, manganese chloride tetrahydrate is used as a source of manganese ions in biological research. It is used in DNA tailing reactions, reverse transcription of RNA, and as a cofactor in various enzymatic assays. The compound is also used in cell culture to provide essential trace elements. It has been used as a substitute for magnesium chloride to investigate alterations in the activity of Herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA polymerase.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, manganese chloride tetrahydrate has been studied for its effects on manganese uptake in rat liver. Manganese is an essential trace element required for normal physiological function. However, excessive manganese exposure has been associated with neurotoxicity, embryotoxicity, and reproductive toxicity. The compound is currently used in research on neurodegenerative diseases and toxicology.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For in vitro enzymatic assays, manganese chloride tetrahydrate is used as a cofactor. Standard protocols involve dissolving the compound in deionized water to prepare stock solutions and adding it to reaction mixtures at appropriate concentrations (typically 0.1-10 mM). The compound is used in DNA polymerase reactions, reverse transcription, and other enzymatic assays. Its ability to activate enzymes is assessed by measuring enzyme activity.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell-based experiments, manganese chloride tetrahydrate is used in cell culture media to provide essential trace elements. Cells are cultured in media supplemented with manganese chloride at appropriate concentrations. Cell viability, proliferation, and differentiation are assessed using standard assays. The compound's neurotoxic effects are studied in neuronal cell models.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies using manganese chloride tetrahydrate are conducted to study manganese uptake, toxicity, and neurodegenerative disease models. Standard protocols involve administering the compound to rodents via oral gavage, intraperitoneal injection, or intravenous injection. Tissue samples (liver, brain) are collected for manganese content analysis by atomic absorption spectroscopy or ICP-MS. Neurobehavioral tests may be performed to assess neurotoxicity.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of manganese chloride tetrahydrate are characterized in the context of manganese absorption and distribution. When administered orally, manganese is absorbed in the small intestine and transported to the liver, brain, and other tissues. Manganese is excreted primarily in bile and feces. The compound's pharmacokinetics depend on the route of administration and the manganese status of the organism.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Manganese chloride tetrahydrate has been associated with neurotoxicity, embryotoxicity, and reproductive toxicity. The compound is currently used in research on neurodegenerative diseases and toxicology. It should be handled with appropriate safety precautions, including the use of personal protective equipment. Specific LD₅₀ values and acute toxicity classifications are available from safety data sheets.
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| Additional Infomation |
Manganese chloride tetrahydrate (CAS 13446-34-9) is primarily a research-grade biochemical reagent, not an FDA-approved pharmaceutical drug. Its primary applications are as a source of manganese ions in molecular biology (DNA tailing, reverse transcription), as a cofactor in enzymatic assays, and in cell culture to provide essential trace elements. It is also used in neurodegenerative disease and toxicology research.
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| Molecular Formula |
CL2H8MNO4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
197.91
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| Exact Mass |
196.918
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| CAS # |
13446-34-9
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| Related CAS # |
7773-01-5 (Parent)
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| PubChem CID |
643989
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| Appearance |
Off-white to pink solid powder
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| Density |
2,01 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
1190 °C
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| Melting Point |
58 °C
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| LogP |
1.121
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
7
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| Complexity |
2.8
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
O.O.O.O.Cl[Mn]Cl
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| InChi Key |
CNFDGXZLMLFIJV-UHFFFAOYSA-L
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/2ClH.Mn.4H2O/h2*1H;;4*1H2/q;;+2;;;;/p-2
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| Chemical Name |
dichloromanganese;tetrahydrate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O: 1666.67 mg/mL (8421.35 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.0528 mL | 25.2640 mL | 50.5280 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0106 mL | 5.0528 mL | 10.1056 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5053 mL | 2.5264 mL | 5.0528 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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