| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Picolinic acid-d4 shares the same molecular target as its non-deuterated form, picolinic acid. Picolinic acid is a chelating agent that binds metal ions such as zinc and iron. It is also a metabolite of tryptophan and has been studied for its antiviral and immunomodulatory effects. The labeled compound is used as an internal standard for the quantification of picolinic acid in biological samples.
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as quantitative tracers while the drugs were being developed. Because deuteration may have an effect on a drug's pharmacokinetics and metabolic properties, it is a cause for concern [1].
The labeled compound itself does not possess intrinsic pharmacological activity in vitro; its biological activity is identical to that of picolinic acid. Picolinic acid has been shown to have antiviral activity, immunomodulatory effects, and metal-chelating properties. The labeled compound is used as an internal standard for quantifying picolinic acid in biological samples, not for evaluating its own pharmacological activity. |
| ln Vivo |
Picolinic acid-d4 is not used as a therapeutic agent; its non-deuterated form, picolinic acid, is a natural metabolite with potential therapeutic applications. In vivo, picolinic acid is a metabolite of tryptophan and is involved in zinc homeostasis. The labeled compound is used in pharmacokinetic and metabolic studies to accurately measure picolinic acid levels in biological samples.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro assays for picolinic acid-d4 focus on its use as an analytical standard. A standard protocol involves preparing a solution of the compound in an appropriate solvent (e.g., methanol) and using it as an internal standard for LC-MS analysis of picolinic acid in biological samples (e.g., plasma, urine). The compound is added to samples before extraction and analysis. Quantification is performed by monitoring specific mass transitions.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell culture experiments are not performed with picolinic acid-d4. When studying the effects of picolinic acid in cellular systems, the non-labeled compound is used. Cells are treated with picolinic acid, and antiviral or immunomodulatory effects are measured. The labeled compound is used as an internal standard for LC-MS analysis.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies are not conducted with picolinic acid-d4. When used in pharmacokinetic studies, the labeled compound serves as an internal standard for the quantification of picolinic acid in animal plasma or tissue samples.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of picolinic acid-d4 itself are not characterized, as it is not a drug substance. Picolinic acid is a natural metabolite with a short half-life. The labeled compound is used as an internal standard for pharmacokinetic studies.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Picolinic acid-d4 is not a therapeutic agent and has not been evaluated for toxicity in humans. Picolinic acid is a natural metabolite with low toxicity. The labeled compound is for research use only and should be handled with standard laboratory precautions.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Picolinic acid-d4 is a stable isotope-labeled internal standard used for the quantification of picolinic acid in biological samples. It is also known as PCL 016-d4. The compound is used in analytical method development, quality control, and metabolic studies.
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| Molecular Formula |
C6HD4NO2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
127.13
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| Exact Mass |
127.057
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| CAS # |
284487-61-2
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| Related CAS # |
Picolinic acid;98-98-6
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| PubChem CID |
71308975
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| LogP |
0.779
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
9
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| Complexity |
114
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
[2H]C1=C(C(=NC(=C1[2H])C(=O)O)[2H])[2H]
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| InChi Key |
SIOXPEMLGUPBBT-RHQRLBAQSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C6H5NO2/c8-6(9)5-3-1-2-4-7-5/h1-4H,(H,8,9)/i1D,2D,3D,4D
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| Chemical Name |
3,4,5,6-tetradeuteriopyridine-2-carboxylic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 7.8660 mL | 39.3298 mL | 78.6596 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.5732 mL | 7.8660 mL | 15.7319 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.7866 mL | 3.9330 mL | 7.8660 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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