| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Not applicable. HMMNI-d3 is not a pharmacologically active drug; it is an analytical internal standard. The unlabeled compound, HMMNI (hydroxy dimetridazole, CAS 148856-81-5), is a hydroxylated metabolite of dimetridazole. Dimetridazole (CAS 551-92-8) is a nitroimidazole-class antiprotozoal agent used in veterinary medicine to combat protozoal infections in poultry and swine (e.g., histomoniasis, swine dysentery). The primary target of dimetridazole is anaerobic protozoa and bacteria, where nitroreduction generates cytotoxic metabolites.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, dimetridazole, the parent drug of HMMNI, demonstrates antiprotozoal activity against Trichomonas, Histomonas, Giardia, and anaerobic bacteria. The mechanism involves nitroreduction of the 5-nitroimidazole group by microbial nitroreductases, generating reactive intermediates that damage DNA and other macromolecules. HMMNI is the major oxidative metabolite resulting from hydroxylation of a methyl group on the imidazole ring. The d3-labeled version has no biological activity.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, dimetridazole is administered orally to food-producing animals for the prevention and treatment of protozoal diseases. It is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and extensively metabolized, primarily to HMMNI (hydroxy dimetridazole). The parent drug and its metabolites, including HMMNI, are excreted in urine and feces. HMMNI is the marker residue for monitoring dimetridazole use in food safety programs due to its longer persistence in edible tissues compared to the parent drug. The d3-labeled version is used as an internal standard.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Not applicable. As an analytical internal standard, HMMNI-d3 is used in LC-MS/MS methods for the quantification of dimetridazole residues and its metabolite HMMNI in food products (e.g., poultry, pork, eggs) and animal tissues. A typical non-cellular workflow involves: preparing the d3-labeled compound as an internal standard; adding it to homogenized tissue or food samples; performing solid-phase extraction (SPE) or liquid-liquid extraction to isolate the analytes; separation by reversed-phase HPLC on a C18 column; and detection by tandem mass spectrometry in positive ion mode using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) of the parent→product ion transitions.
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| Cell Assay |
Not applicable. HMMNI-d3 is not used in standard cell-based assays for pharmacological purposes. As an analytical internal standard, it is added to biological samples (such as tissue homogenates or food extracts) for quantitation only. If cell-based studies are performed with the unlabeled compound, they involve treating anaerobic protozoa or bacteria with dimetridazole and measuring its metabolism to HMMNI, but the d3-labeled version is used as an analytical standard for LC-MS/MS quantitation.
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| Animal Protocol |
Not applicable. HMMNI-d3 is not used as a therapeutic agent in animal experiments. It is an analytical internal standard for ex vivo quantitation. In residue depletion studies, food-producing animals are administered dimetridazole (the parent drug), and tissues (muscle, liver, kidney, fat) are collected at various time points post-administration. HMMNI levels are quantified by LC-MS/MS using HMMNI-d3 as the internal standard. The labeled compound itself is not administered to the animals.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Not applicable. HMMNI-d3 is not a drug candidate; therefore, no pharmacokinetic parameters are reported. The compound is supplied as a research-grade standard. For storage, it should be kept under the conditions specified in the certificate of analysis, typically at -20degC in a dry, well-ventilated place, protected from light. The unlabeled parent drug dimetridazole is no longer approved for use in food-producing animals in many jurisdictions due to concerns about genotoxicity and carcinogenicity.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Not applicable. Toxicity studies are not performed for analytical reference standards like HMMNI-d3, as it is not intended for human consumption. The parent drug dimetridazole has been classified as a possible human carcinogen due to genotoxicity concerns, which led to its ban in many countries (including EU and China) for use in food-producing animals. HMMNI is the primary residue marker. The d3-labeled standard should be handled with caution using appropriate personal protective equipment and waste disposal procedures.
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| References |
[1]. Cronly M, et al. Rapid confirmatory method for the determination of 11 nitroimidazoles in egg using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A. 2009;1216(46):8101‐8109.
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| Additional Infomation |
HMMNI-d3 is a stable isotope-labeled internal standard for LC-MS/MS quantification of dimetridazole residues and its hydroxy metabolite HMMNI in food safety testing. Dimetridazole is a nitroimidazole antiprotozoal agent formerly used in veterinary medicine. Due to concerns about genotoxicity and carcinogenicity (similar to other nitroimidazoles), its use in food-producing animals has been banned in many countries. Monitoring for dimetridazole and HMMNI residues is a regulatory requirement for food import/export. This product is strictly an analytical standard for residue analysis.
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| Molecular Formula |
C5H4D3N3O3
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
160.15
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| Exact Mass |
160.068
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| CAS # |
1015855-78-3
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| Related CAS # |
HMMNI;936-05-0
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| PubChem CID |
16212240
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| LogP |
0.343
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
11
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| Complexity |
158
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
C([2H])([2H])([2H])N1C(=NC=C1[N+](=O)[O-])CO
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| InChi Key |
JSAQDPJIVQMBAY-FIBGUPNXSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C5H7N3O3/c1-7-4(3-9)6-2-5(7)8(10)11/h2,9H,3H2,1H3/i1D3
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| Chemical Name |
[5-nitro-1-(trideuteriomethyl)imidazol-2-yl]methanol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 6.2441 mL | 31.2207 mL | 62.4415 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.2488 mL | 6.2441 mL | 12.4883 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.6244 mL | 3.1221 mL | 6.2441 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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