| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Estrogen receptors (ERα, ERβ); antioxidant pathways; inflammatory mediators.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Prunetin exhibits biological activities typical of isoflavones, including estrogenic/anti-estrogenic effects, antioxidant activity, and anti-inflammatory properties. It may bind to estrogen receptors and modulate estrogen signaling. The compound has antioxidant activity by scavenging free radicals and upregulating antioxidant enzymes. It also shows anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Anticancer activity has been reported in various cancer cell lines.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies of prunetin are limited. Isoflavones are known to have estrogenic effects and have been studied for their potential benefits in menopausal symptoms, osteoporosis, and cancer prevention. The compound is expected to be metabolized by intestinal microbiota to release the aglycone prunetin, which is absorbed systemically. Further studies are needed to characterize its specific in vivo activities.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Estrogen receptor binding is measured using competitive binding assays with radiolabeled estradiol. Antioxidant activity is assessed by DPPH, ABTS, or FRAP assays. Anti-inflammatory activity is measured by inhibition of NO production, cytokine levels, or COX-2/iNOS expression in enzyme assays or cell-based systems. Anticancer activity is assessed by cell viability assays using cancer cell lines.
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| Cell Assay |
MCF-7 breast cancer cells (estrogen receptor-positive) are treated with prunetin, and cell proliferation is measured. Estrogen receptor activation is assessed by reporter gene assays using an estrogen response element (ERE)-luciferase construct. Macrophage cell lines (e.g., RAW 264.7) are stimulated with LPS and treated with the compound, and inflammatory mediators are measured. Cancer cell lines are used for anticancer studies.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo studies for prunetin are not well documented. Potential animal models include: ovariectomized rat models for estrogenic effects; and tumor xenograft models for anticancer evaluation. Standard protocols for these models involve administration of the compound followed by measurement of relevant endpoints.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for prunetin are limited. As an isoflavone glycoside, it is expected to be metabolized by intestinal microbiota to release the aglycone prunetin. Isoflavones are known to have variable oral bioavailability depending on the individual's gut microbiota composition. The compound is soluble in organic solvents. Standard laboratory storage conditions apply.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for prunetin are limited. Isoflavones are generally considered to have low toxicity. Standard laboratory safety practices should be followed when handling this compound. It is intended for research use only.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Proneptine 4'-O-glucoside is a glycosyl isoflavone, specifically the 4'-O-β-D-glucoside of proneptine. It is a hydroxy isoflavone, a glycosyl isoflavone, and a member of the 7-methoxy isoflavone family. Its function is related to that of proneptine. Proneptine 4'-O-glucoside has been reported to be found in Dalbergia sissoo, Trifolium pratense, and other organisms with relevant data.
Prunetin (Trifoside) is a natural isoflavone glycoside found in various plant species, including Prunus species and other legumes. Isoflavones are known for their estrogenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. Prunetin is used as a reference standard for quality control of isoflavone-containing products and for research purposes. It is for research use only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C22H22O10
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
446.40
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| Exact Mass |
446.121
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| CAS # |
154-36-9
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| PubChem CID |
16398538
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid
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| LogP |
0.352
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
5
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
10
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
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| Heavy Atom Count |
32
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| Complexity |
690
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
5
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| SMILES |
O1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1CO)O)O)O)OC1C=CC(C2=COC3C=C(C=C(C=3C2=O)O)OC)=CC=1
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| InChi Key |
OFUWGCQDMVDLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C22H22O10/c1-29-12-6-14(24)17-15(7-12)30-9-13(18(17)25)10-2-4-11(5-3-10)31-22-21(28)20(27)19(26)16(8-23)32-22/h2-7,9,16,19-24,26-28H,8H2,1H3
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| Chemical Name |
5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-[4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one
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| Synonyms |
Prunetin 4′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside; Trifoside; Prunetrin
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.2401 mL | 11.2007 mL | 22.4014 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4480 mL | 2.2401 mL | 4.4803 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2240 mL | 1.1201 mL | 2.2401 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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