| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
The molecular targets of Quercetin-3,4-di-O-glucoside include quinone reductase 2 (QR2), which it inhibits. The compound's antioxidant mechanism involves the modulation of glutathione (GSH) levels and the scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS). As a flavonoid, it may also interact with various signaling pathways involved in inflammation and cardiovascular protection. Its cardioprotective effects are mediated through its antioxidant and radical scavenging activities. The compound has a LogP of -1.4, indicating hydrophilic properties.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro studies demonstrate that Quercetin-3,4-di-O-glucoside has antioxidant activity, helping to scavenge free radicals. It inhibits QR2 activity. The compound modulates glutathione levels and scavenges reactive oxygen species. As a radical scavenger, it protects cells from oxidative damage. The compound has been shown to be an antioxidative phenolic constituent of onion skins. These in vitro activities support its potential for cardiovascular and antioxidant research.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies of Quercetin-3,4-di-O-glucoside are limited. As a flavonoid glucoside, it may be absorbed and metabolized to quercetin or other metabolites that exert biological effects. The compound's cardioprotective role has been noted, suggesting potential benefits in cardiovascular disease models. Its plant metabolite role indicates it is naturally occurring and may have physiological functions in plants. Further in vivo studies are needed to confirm its efficacy.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Typical in vitro assays for flavonoid antioxidants include DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays. For QR2 inhibition, the enzyme is incubated with the substrate and various concentrations of the compound, and activity is measured by monitoring the reduction of cytochrome c or other electron acceptors at specific wavelengths. For cellular antioxidant activity, cells are treated with the compound and exposed to oxidative stress, and ROS levels are measured using fluorescent probes such as DCFH-DA. These cell-free systems provide insights into the compound's mechanism of action.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell-based assays for Quercetin-3,4-di-O-glucoside typically involve treating cultured cells (e.g., endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes) with the compound at concentrations ranging from 1-100 µM for 24-48 hours. Cell viability, ROS levels, glutathione levels, and apoptosis markers are assessed. The compound's effects on QR2 activity can be measured in cell lysates using enzyme activity assays. These cell-based systems allow for detailed analysis of the compound's antioxidant and cardioprotective effects.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for Quercetin-3,4-di-O-glucoside are not detailed in the available literature. For cardioprotective studies, typical animal models involve inducing myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury or other cardiovascular stress in rodents. The compound is administered orally or intraperitoneally at doses ranging from 10-100 mg/kg. Cardiac function, infarct size, oxidative stress markers, and inflammatory markers are assessed. However, such studies have not been reported for this specific compound.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for Quercetin-3,4-di-O-glucoside are limited. As a flavonoid glucoside with a molecular weight of 626.52 g/mol, it may be hydrolyzed in the intestine to release quercetin, which is then absorbed. The compound has a LogP of -1.4, indicating hydrophilic properties. As a glycoside, its oral bioavailability may be limited due to poor absorption and extensive metabolism. The compound is likely metabolized by gut microbiota and hepatic enzymes to various conjugates.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for Quercetin-3,4-di-O-glucoside are limited. As a natural flavonoid found in onions, it is generally considered safe for consumption at dietary levels. High doses may have cytotoxic effects, as observed with other flavonoids. The compound's antioxidant properties suggest it may have protective effects against oxidative stress. However, comprehensive toxicological studies have not been reported.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Quercetin 3,4'-di-O-β-D-glucoside is a quercetin O-glucoside with a structure in which two β-D-glucosyl residues are linked to quercetin at the 3' and 4' positions, respectively. It is a plant metabolite with free radical scavenging and cardioprotective effects. It is a β-D-glucoside, monosaccharide derivative, polyphenol, quercetin O-glucoside, and trihydroxyflavonoid. Quercetin 3,4'-diglucoside has been reported to be found in saffron (Crocus antalyensis), Victoria onion (Allium victorialis), and other organisms with relevant data.
Quercetin-3,4-di-O-glucoside is a naturally occurring flavonoid isolated from Allium cepa (onion). It is a quercetin O-glucoside with antioxidant, radical scavenging, and cardioprotective activities. The compound inhibits QR2 and modulates glutathione levels. It is a plant metabolite and is used in research on cardiovascular protection and oxidative stress. It is not approved for any clinical indication and is for research use only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C27H30O17
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
626.52
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| Exact Mass |
626.148
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| CAS # |
29125-80-2
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| PubChem CID |
5320835
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| LogP |
-1.4
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
11
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
17
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
7
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| Heavy Atom Count |
44
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| Complexity |
1040
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
10
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| SMILES |
c1cc(c(cc1c2c(c(=O)c3c(cc(cc3o2)O)O)O[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O[C@H]5[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O5)CO)O)O)O
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| InChi Key |
RPVIQWDFJPYNJM-DEFKTLOSSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C27H30O17/c28-6-14-17(33)20(36)22(38)26(42-14)41-12-2-1-8(3-10(12)31)24-25(19(35)16-11(32)4-9(30)5-13(16)40-24)44-27-23(39)21(37)18(34)15(7-29)43-27/h1-5,14-15,17-18,20-23,26-34,36-39H,6-7H2/t14-,15-,17-,18-,20+,21+,22-,23-,26-,27+/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
5,7-dihydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.5961 mL | 7.9806 mL | 15.9612 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3192 mL | 1.5961 mL | 3.1922 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1596 mL | 0.7981 mL | 1.5961 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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