| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| 500mg | ||
| 1g | ||
| Other Sizes |
| ln Vitro |
PACAP (1-38), human, sheep, and rat trifluoroacetate (TFA), is a fragment of the pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide [1]. PACAP (1-38), human, sheep, and rat trifluoroacetate has a high affinity for PACAP-specific receptor (PAC1) on the membranes of various tissues, including the endocrine pancreas [2]. In vitro experiments have shown that PACAP (1-38), human, sheep, and rat trifluoroacetate can relax histamine and acetylcholine-precontracted tracheal smooth muscle in guinea pigs and rabbits. PACAP (1-38) can also increase the level of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in tracheal smooth muscle, which provides a possible mechanism for the relaxing effect of PACAP (1-38) [3]. PACAP (1-38), human, sheep, and rat TFA (100 nM; 2 min; NCI-H838 cells) can induce EGFR, HER2, and ERK tyrosine phosphorylation [5]. PACAP (1-38), human, sheep, and rat TFA (100 nM; 30 min; NCI-H838 cells) can induce EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation and produce ROS, increasing ROS levels by 51% [5]. PACAP (1-38), human, sheep, and rat TFA (10 nM; 48 h) can stimulate the growth of NCI-H838 cells [5]. PACAP (1-38), human, sheep, and rat TFA (300 nM; 4 h) can stimulate the production of APPsα in nerve cells [6]. PACAP (1-38), human, sheep, and rat trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) (0.01-10 nM; HEK 293 cells) stimulates the expression of endogenous PAC1 receptors in nerve cells through cAMP accumulation and increased cytoplasmic free calcium, and induces an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration in a dose-dependent manner, with an EC50 value of 0.81 nM [6]. PACAP (1-38), human, sheep, and rat trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) (0.01 nM; 48 hours) can strongly stimulate SCG neuron cultures to secrete NPY [7]. PACAP (1-38), human, sheep, and rat trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) (100 nM; 14 days) can continuously stimulate sympathetic neurons to secrete NPY and catecholamines [7].
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|---|---|
| ln Vivo |
In sham-operated animals, the use of PACAP (1-38), human, sheep and mouse TFA alone did not cause any changes in the retinal layer. Dissolving PACAP (1-38), human, sheep and mouse TFA in benzalkonium chloride-containing eye drops significantly protected the retina of bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) injury; the retinal structure treated with PACAP (1-38) eye drops was preserved compared with the control retina[4].
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| Cell Assay |
Cell viability assay [1]
Cell Types: NCI-H838 cells Tested Concentrations: 10 nM Incubation Duration: 48 hours Experimental Results: The number of NCI-H838 cells increased by 72%. Western Blot Analysis [1] Cell Types: NCI-H838 cells Tested Concentrations: 100 nM Incubation Duration: 2 minutes Experimental Results: Tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR, HER2 and ERK increased by 377%, 299% and 216%, respectively. |
| References |
|
| Molecular Formula |
C203H331N63O53S.C2HF3O2
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
4534.26 (free base)
|
| Sequence |
His-Ser-Asp-Gly-Ile-Phe-Thr-Asp-Ser-Tyr-Ser-Arg-Tyr-Arg-Lys-Gln-Met-Ala-Val-Lys-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Ala-Ala-Val-Leu-Gly-Lys-Arg-Tyr-Lys-Gln-Arg-Val-Lys-Asn-Lys-NH2HSDGIFTDSYSRYRKQMAVKKYLAAVLGKRYKQRVKNK-NH2
|
| SequenceShortening |
HSDGIFTDSYSRYRKQMAVKKYLAAVLGKRYKQRVKNK-NH2
|
| Appearance |
Typically exists as solids at room temperature
|
| Synonyms |
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide 38 TFA
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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