| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| 500mg | ||
| 1g | ||
| Other Sizes |
| ln Vitro |
Boswellic acid forms a stable complex with trypanosome thioreductase from Leishmania infantis through hydrophobic and hydrogen bond interactions. Its free binding energy is -6.2 kcal/mol and its theoretical Ki value is 0.09 M, indicating that it has the potential to act as an inhibitor of this enzyme [2].
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|---|---|
| ln Vivo |
Mastica (MDA) (10–100 mg/kg/day; orally; daily; 14 days) can alleviate DSS-induced acute colitis in female C57BL/6J mice by reducing systemic inflammation, restoring intestinal barrier integrity and normalizing gut microbiota composition. The oral dose of 100 mg/kg/day showed greater efficacy than the dose of 10 mg/kg/day in reducing DAI scores and inhibiting MAPK pathway activation [1].
|
| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models:C57BL/6J (6–8 weeks old, female, no specific pathogen; DSS-induced acute colitis) [1]
Doses: 10 mg/kg/day; 100 mg/kg/day Route of Administration: Oral; once daily; 14 days Experimental Results: Weight loss was observed compared to mice treated with DSS alone. Disease Activity Index (DAI) scores were significantly reduced starting on day 4 (100 mg/kg/day). Colon length was increased, spleen weight was reduced, and serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα were decreased compared to mice treated with DSS alone. Phosphorylation of ERK, IκBα, and p65 in colon tissue was inhibited; in addition, phosphorylation of p38 and JNK was also inhibited (100 mg/kg/day). It reduced the histological score of the proximal colon (100 mg/kg/day); and decreased colonic structural damage and leukocyte infiltration in the distal colon compared with mice treated with DSS alone. It upregulated the expression of tight junction proteins occludin and ZO-1 in colonic tissue and increased the protein levels of Nrf2 and HO-1. It restored the relative abundance of dominant bacterial phyla (Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Verruciformis) disrupted by DSS. It reduced the relative abundance of pro-inflammatory bacteria Escherichia coli-Shigella and Helicobacter, and increased the relative abundance of anti-inflammatory bacteria Ackermania. Compared with mice treated with DSS alone, the abundance of Ruminococcaceae_UCG_013, Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes, and Actinobacteria (including Bifidobacteria) increased, while the abundance of Deltaproteobacteria (including Desulfovibrio) and Epsilonbacteraeota decreased. |
| References |
|
| Molecular Formula |
C30H46O3
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
454.68
|
| CAS # |
514-49-8
|
| Appearance |
Typically exists as solids at room temperature
|
| SMILES |
C[C@@]12C3=CC[C@](C(C)(C(CC4)=O)C)([H])[C@@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])CC[C@]1([C@](CC2)([H])[C@@H](C)CC/C=C(C)\C(O)=O)C
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.1993 mL | 10.9967 mL | 21.9935 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4399 mL | 2.1993 mL | 4.3987 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2199 mL | 1.0997 mL | 2.1993 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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