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| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Selenomethionine acts as a dietary source of the essential trace element selenium. It is incorporated nonspecifically into selenoproteins (via the methionine pool) as well as into general body proteins in place of methionine. It also acts as a substrate for the synthesis of antioxidant selenoenzymes (glutathione peroxidase, thioredoxin reductase). ⁷⁶Se labeling does not alter these biological activities, making it an excellent tracer.
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| ln Vitro |
Stable heavy isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, and other elements have been incorporated into drug molecules, largely as tracers for quantitation during the drug development process. Studies involving the human use of drugs labeled with deuterium suggest that these compounds may offer some advantages when compared with their nondeuterated counterparts. Deuteration has gained attention because of its potential to affect the pharmacokinetic and metabolic profiles of drugs. Deutetrabenazine is the first deuterated drug to receive Food and Drug Administration approval. This deuterated form of the drug tetrabenazine is indicated for the treatment of chorea associated with Huntington's disease as well as tardive dyskinesia. Ongoing clinical trials suggest that a number of other deuterated compounds are being evaluated for the treatment of human diseases and not merely as research tools.
In vitro, selenomethionine-76Se can be used to study selenium metabolism and incorporation into selenoproteins. It promotes cell cycle progression and elevates the expression of antioxidant enzymes (thioredoxin reductase, glutathione reductase). It has been shown to exhibit antitumor activity in certain cancer cell lines. The ⁷⁶Se label allows precise quantification of cellular selenium uptake and selenoprotein synthesis by ICP-MS. |
| ln Vivo |
Deuterated compounds may, in some cases, offer advantages over nondeuterated forms, often through alterations in clearance. Deuteration may also redirect metabolic pathways in directions that reduce toxicities. The approval of additional deuterated compounds may soon follow. Clinicians will need to be familiar with the dosing, efficacy, potential side effects, and unique metabolic profiles of these new entities.
In vivo, selenomethionine is orally active and is efficiently absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It is used as a nutritional supplement to prevent selenium deficiency. It has also been reported to have antitumor activity in animal models. The ⁷⁶Se-labeled form is used as a stable isotopic tracer to study selenium absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and homeostatic regulation in humans and animals. No pharmacological efficacy studies for the labeled compound alone; it mirrors the natural compound. |
| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cell characterization: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, D2O) delta 3.95 (t, 1H, J=6.5 Hz, alpha-CH), 2.95-3.10 (m, 2H, gamma-CH2), 2.15-2.30 (m, 2H, beta-CH2), 2.10 (s, 3H, ⁷⁶Se-CH3). ¹3C NMR confirms five carbons. LC-MS (ESI+) m/z 194.1 [M+H]+ (with characteristic ⁷⁶Se isotopic pattern). The ⁷⁶Se abundance is confirmed by ICP-MS or isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). HPLC-UV on a C18 column with 0.1% TFA/water, detection 210 nm. Purity >98%.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell-based assays: Human hepatocytes (HepG2) or other cell lines are cultured with selenomethionine-76Se at concentrations of 0.1-10 uM for 24-72 h. Cells are harvested, lysed, and total selenium content is measured by ICP-MS. Selenoprotein expression (GPx1, TrxR1) is quantified by Western blot or activity assays. The ⁷⁶Se label allows tracing of selenium flux through the methionine pool and into selenoproteins. No cytotoxicity up to 50 uM.
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| Animal Protocol |
Animal metabolic study: Sprague-Dawley rats (n=4-6) receive a single oral dose of selenomethionine-76Se (1-50 ug Se/kg body weight) by gavage. Blood, urine, feces, and tissues (liver, kidney, muscle) are collected at various time points (0-72 h). ⁷⁶Se enrichment is measured by ICP-MS to determine absorption rate, tissue distribution, and excretion kinetics. This allows calculation of bioavailability, volume of distribution, and clearance of selenium from the selenomethionine pool.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
PK properties of selenomethionine: Oral bioavailability is high (>90%) due to active transport via the methionine transporter. Tmax ∼1-4 h in humans. The selenium moiety is incorporated into body proteins (nonspecifically) and into selenoproteins, resulting in a very long terminal half-life (∼4-6 weeks for whole-body selenium). The labeled ⁷⁶Se is cleared slowly, primarily via urinary excretion as selenosugars and methylated metabolites after protein turnover. Metabolism involves conversion to selenocysteine and then to methylselenol.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity: Selenomethionine at nutritional doses (50-200 ug Se/day) is safe and essential. High doses (>400 ug Se/day) can cause selenosis (hair loss, nail brittleness, garlic breath). The LD50 in rats is ∼10 mg Se/kg (as selenomethionine). The ⁷⁶Se isotope is stable and non-radioactive; it does not alter the toxicity profile of selenomethionine. Ames test negative. No genotoxicity concerns. For research use only, not for direct human supplementation without proper safety oversight.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
This compound is also known as Seleno-DL-methionine-76Se and ⁷⁶Se-labeled selenomethionine. Storage at -20degC in a tightly sealed container, protected from light. Soluble in water (∼10 mg/mL) and DMSO. Used as a stable isotopic tracer in metabolic studies of selenium, for nutritional research, and as an internal standard for LC-MS/MS quantification of selenomethionine in biological samples. Not for human consumption without regulatory approval.
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| Molecular Formula |
C5H11NO276SE
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| Molecular Weight |
193.07
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| CAS # |
2108158-10-5
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| Related CAS # |
Selenomethionine; L-SelenoMethionine; Selenomethionine-77Se
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solids at room temperature
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| Synonyms |
Seleno-DL-methionine-76Se; DL-Selenomethionine-76Se
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.1795 mL | 25.8973 mL | 51.7947 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0359 mL | 5.1795 mL | 10.3589 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5179 mL | 2.5897 mL | 5.1795 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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