| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 100mg |
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| 500mg |
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| 1g |
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| 5g |
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| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥97%
| Targets |
1,3-Bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)benzene targets guard cells in plants, inducing stomatal closure to prevent pathogen invasion. The mechanism involves the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) production in guard cells, which act as signaling molecules to trigger stomatal closure. In cancer cells, it targets the apoptotic pathway, specifically activating caspase-3, leading to programmed cell death. The compound has shown anti-neoplastic activity against various human cancer cell lines. It does not have a single defined protein target; instead, it may affect multiple cellular processes related to oxidative stress and apoptosis. It is not a drug candidate for human use but a research compound.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, 1,3-Bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)benzene exhibits anticancer activity against HeLa (cervical), MCF-7 (breast), and MDA-MB-231 (triple-negative breast) cell lines. It retards cancer cell growth and inhibits carcinogenesis via the caspase-3 apoptotic pathway. The compound shows comparatively less cytotoxicity to normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), indicating selectivity for cancer cells. The IC50 values are in the low micromolar range for cancer cells. It also significantly increases the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in guard cells in plant systems. The compound is a purified component from Moringa oleifera leaf extract. It has been investigated for its mechanism of action in both plant and cancer cell models.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, 1,3-Bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)benzene has been studied for its anticancer activity in xenograft models. In mice bearing human tumor xenografts (e.g., MDA-MB-231), administration of the compound (dose not specified) reduces tumor growth. The compound has also been used in plant studies where it induces stomatal closure upon application to leaves, preventing bacterial infection. It has potential as a natural pesticide or plant immunomodulator. However, detailed in vivo protocols and pharmacokinetic data are limited. The compound is for research use only. It is not approved for human use.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Cell-free assays for 1,3-Bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)benzene are not standard. In plants, the induction of stomatal closure is measured in leaf epidermal peels. In a cell-free system, the compound could be tested for its ability to induce ROS production using purified NADPH oxidase, but this is not routine. The compound is also known to bind to thiol groups of proteins due to the isothiocyanate functional group; this reactivity can be assayed by measuring the consumption of free thiols using Ellman's reagent (DTNB). Incubate 100 uM compound with 500 uM glutathione (GSH) in 0.1 M phosphate buffer pH 7.4 at 37degC for 30 minutes. Measure remaining thiols by adding DTNB and reading absorbance at 412 nm. The compound rapidly depletes glutathione, confirming its reactivity with thiols. This is a cell-free biochemical assay. However, it is not a target-specific binding assay.
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| Cell Assay |
For cellular assays, cancer cell lines (HeLa, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231) are seeded in 96-well plates (5,000 cells/well) in DMEM with 10% FBS. After 24 hours, treat with 1,3-Bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)benzene (0.1-100 uM) for 48 hours. Cell viability is measured by MTT assay. The IC50 values are expected in the low uM range. For apoptosis assay, treat cells with the compound (10-50 uM) for 24 hours, then stain with Annexin V-FITC/PI and analyze by flow cytometry. The percentage of apoptotic cells (Annexin V positive) should increase in a dose-dependent manner. Caspase-3 activity can be measured using a fluorogenic substrate (DEVD-AMC). The compound activates caspase-3. For ROS measurement, treat cells with compound (10-50 uM) for 1-6 hours, load with DCFH-DA (10 uM) for 30 minutes, and measure fluorescence (Ex 485 nm, Em 535 nm). The compound increases ROS levels. These cellular assays confirm the anticancer mechanism.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo anticancer efficacy is evaluated in a xenograft model using female BALB/c nude mice (6-8 weeks, 18-22 g). Inject 5 × 10⁶ MDA-MB-231 cells subcutaneously into the right flank. When tumors reach 100-150 mm3, randomize mice into groups (n=8). 1,3-Bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)benzene is formulated in a suitable vehicle (e.g., 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween-80 + 45% saline or corn oil) and administered via intraperitoneal (IP) injection or oral gavage at doses of 10-50 mg/kg daily for 14-21 days. Control groups receive vehicle only. Tumor volume (V = length × width2 × 0.5) and body weight are measured twice weekly. At study end, tumors are excised, weighed, and processed for TUNEL staining and immunohistochemistry (caspase-3, Ki-67). The compound is expected to reduce tumor growth. For plant studies, leaves of Arabidopsis or tobacco are treated with the compound (10-100 uM) in water, and stomatal aperture is measured by microscopy after 1-2 hours. These protocols are used to study the compound's activity.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
1,3-Bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)benzene (MW 220.31, C10H8N2S2) has low solubility in water. The LogP is estimated to be 2-3. It is soluble in DMSO and ethanol. Pharmacokinetic data are not available. For in vivo use, the compound should be formulated in DMSO and diluted with oil or saline. It is likely to be rapidly metabolized by conjugation with glutathione via the isothiocyanate groups. The terminal half-life is likely short (<2 hours). For storage: powder at -20degC, protect from light. The compound is reactive with nucleophiles. Not for human use.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
1,3-Bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)benzene has acute toxicity in animals; the LD50 is not reported. It is a reactive compound that may cause skin and eye irritation (H315, H319). It is a potential sensitizer due to the isothiocyanate group. Inhalation may cause respiratory tract irritation. It should be handled with extreme care in a fume hood with double gloves and a lab coat. Not for human use. The compound is for research use only. In cell studies, it has shown selectivity for cancer cells over PBMCs, but in vivo toxicity may limit its development as a drug.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
1,3-Bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)benzene has CAS number 28170-90-3. Molecular formula C10H8N2S2, MW 220.31. Also known as m-Xylylene diisothiocyanate, 1,3-Bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)benzene. It is a plant growth regulator and an anticancer compound purified from Moringa oleifera. Research applications: plant immunity (stomatal closure), cancer biology (apoptosis, caspase-3), and agriculture. For research use only. Purity >95%. Store at 2-8degC, protect from light.
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| Molecular Formula |
C10H8N2S2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
220.31
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| Exact Mass |
220.013
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| CAS # |
28170-90-3
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| PubChem CID |
34179
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solids at room temperature
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
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| Heavy Atom Count |
14
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| Complexity |
239
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
C1=CC(=CC(=C1)CN=C=S)CN=C=S
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| InChi Key |
MSYVWTFRPITMBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H8N2S2/c13-7-11-5-9-2-1-3-10(4-9)6-12-8-14/h1-4H,5-6H2
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| Chemical Name |
1,3-bis(isothiocyanatomethyl)benzene
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.5391 mL | 22.6953 mL | 45.3906 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.9078 mL | 4.5391 mL | 9.0781 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4539 mL | 2.2695 mL | 4.5391 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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